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REPORT  UPON  THE  REPTILIA 


OF  THE 


NORTH  PACIFIC  EXPLORING  EXPEDITION, 


Under  command  of  Capt.  John  Rogers,  U.  S.  N. 


THE  LIBRARY 


OF  THSLy 
bmlUhims 


UNIVERSITY 


EDWARD  HALLOW  ELL,  M.  D. 


2 


EDITED  BY  E.  D.  COPE.  Ililt Ah Y UP  'H 

r ft  PR  1 6 1928 

UNlVtKSI  fY  Of  ILLIN 


PHILADEL  PH  I A : 

M E R R I H E W 4 THOMPSON,  PRINTERS, 
Lodge  St.,  corner  of  Kenton  Place. 

1860. 


480 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


/ 

Report  upon  the  Reptilia  of  the  North  Pacific  Exploring  Expedition,  under 
command  of  Capt.  John  Rogers,  TJ.  S,  N, 

BY  EDWARD  HALLOWELL,  M.  D. 

EDITED  BY  E.  D.  COPE. 

Nicaragua. 

SAURIANS. 

G-eckotians. 

Geckotian  Lizards — Lezards  Geckotiens  D.  & B. 

Hemidactylus  Cuv. 

Sect.  Dactyloperes.  Peropus  Wieg. 

Div.  A. — Subdigital  lamella  entire. 

Hemidactylus  pr^signis  nob. 

Proceed.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Oct.  1856,  p.  222. 

Char.  Rostral  plate  bilobed ; seven  superior  labials  ; mental  plate  very 
large,  the  sides  excavated,  rounded  posteriorly  ; six  plates  in  a transverse 
row  beneath  the  chin,  the  two  middle  ones  much  smaller  than  the  lateral ; 
tail  slender,  long  ; color  uniform  chocolate-brown  above  ; abdomen  and  under 
part  of  tail  whitish.  Total  length,  6 inches.  Tail,  3 inches,  3 lines. 

Found  also  in  Jamaica. 

Sphasriodactylus  Cuv. 

For  gen.  char,  see  D.  & B.,  tom.  ii.  401. 

Sphjeriodactylus'  millepunctatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Dorsal  scales  very  small,  uniearinate ; color  reddish,  with 
numerous  small  brownish  spots ; under  parts  white  ; length  of  head  and  body, 
11  lines. 

Description.  Scales  upon  muzzle  larger  than  those  upon  the  vertex ; those 
upon  body  remarkable  for  their  small  size,  being  much  smaller  than  those  of 
the  specimens  in  the  Museum,  marked  nigropunctatus,  from  Jamaica, 
or  of  Sphseriodactylus  fantasticus,  from  Mexico.  Abdominal  scales 
carinated,  very  much  larger  than  those  upon  the  throat  and  chin ; color  red- 
dish-brown above,  with  numerous  brown  spots,  intermingled  with  very 
minute  white  points ; under  parts  white.  Two  specimens. 

Iguanians. 

Sauriens  Eunotes  D.  & B.  Lezards  Iguaniens. 

Anolis  D.  & B. 

Div.  A. — With  fingers  but  slightly  dilated. 

Anolis  refulgens  Schlegel. 

Draconura  nitens  Wagl.  Dum.  & Bib.,  tom.  iv.  p.  91. 

This  species  is  very  well  characterized  by  the  larger  row  of  scales  along  the 
median  line  of  the  back  ; the  granulations  upon  the  sides  are  much  smaller 
than  those  of  the  back  and  abdomen,  and  there  is  a larger  row  of  scales  upon 
the  back  of  the  tail ; immediately  behind  the  mental  plate  are  six  scales,  in 
a transverse  row,  the  four  intermediate  quite  small,  the  lateral  much  larger  ; 
the  occipital  scale  lies  in  a well  marked  depression,  the  supra-orbitar  ridges 
are  nearly  in  contact,  and  on  the  front  part  of  the  head  is  a longitudinal 

[Oct, 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OP  PHILADELPHIA. 


481 


ovoid  depression,  the  scales  of  which  are  smooth ; those  upon  the  snout  cari- 
nated,  as  also  the  scales  upon  the  abomen  ; the  colors  of  these  specimens  are 
much  darker  than  that  of  another ; brownish  above,  and  orange  colored 
mingled  with  yellow  beneath  ; in  the  other,  the  general  color  is  golden  yel- 
low, lighter  beneath,  with  a tinge  of  white  upon  the  abdomen.  Total  length, 
51  inches  ; of  tail,  2 inches  8 lines.  Found  also  in  Surinam.  (D.  & B.) 


Anolis  longicauda  nob. 


Spec.  char.  Scales  upon  the  muzzle  keeled  ; eight  superior  labials  ; scales 
of  abdomen  carinated ; dorsal  scales  indistinctly  carinated ; median  rows 
larger;  tail  very  long;  color  green;  gular  pouch  orange,  with  two  indigo- 
colored  lateral  stripes,  one  on  each  side.  Total  length,  5 inches,  5 lines. 

Description.  44  teeth  in  the  upper  jaw  ; 10  posterior  tricuspid  ; 43  in  the 
lower  ; the  10  or  11  posterior  distinctly  trilobed  ; scales  upon  the  muzzle 
keeled  ; two  crests  upon  the  head,  prolongations  of  the  superciliary  ridges, 
circumscribing  laterally  a longitudinal  depression,  broader  in  front ; the 
scales  in  this  depression  polygonal,  much  larger  than  those  upon  the  muzzle, 
keeled  ; eight  superior  labials  ; six  rows  of  scales  upon  the  side  of  the  head 
anteriorly,  between  the  superior  labials  and  its  upper  margin  ; auricular  open- 
ing moderate ; abdominal  scales  much  the  largest,  keeled  ; those  upon  the  sides 
very  small,  granular ; back  covered  with  polygonal  scales,  indistinctly 
carinated  ; several  of  the  median  rows  larger  than  the  others  ; breadth  of  head 
posteriorly,  one-half  of  its  total  length ; body  and  extremities  slender ; tail 
very  long  and  tapering,*  round  at  base,  more  than  double  the  length  of  head 
and  body  ; color  bluish  above,  probably  green  during  life  ; lighter  upon  the 
tail ; abdomen,  chin,  under  part  of  tail  and  extremities  very  light  blue  ; gular 
pouch  orange  with  two  indigo -colored  stripes,  one  on  each  side.  Total 
length  5 inches,  5 lines  ; of  tail,  3 inches,  10  lines.  One  specimen. 

Gen.  remarks.  This  species  is  quite  different  from  An.  sericeus,  a Mexi- 
can species,  in  which  the  scales  upon  the  back  are  granular,  and  of  nearly 
equal  size  ; it  is  also  a stouter  animal,  and  the  tail  is  shorter.  Anolis  tro- 
pidogaster  nob.,  from  New  Grenada,  is  destitute  of  the  two  well  marked 
crests  so  characteristic  of  this  species,  and  the  plates  lying  at  the  bottom  of 
the  longitudinal  depression  between  them  are  much  longer  than  those  on  the 
corresponding  position  in  tropidogaster.;  and  the  shape  of  this  de- 
pression is  quite  different,  being  much  broader  in  front,  in  longicauda. 
In  Anolis  pulchellus  D.  Sp  B.,  the  carinations  of  the  scales  before  the 
back  and  abdomen  are  indistinct ; whereas,  in  the  present  species  they  are 
well  marked  ; the  tail  in  the  former  is  but  one-third  the  total  length. 


Anolis  cupreus  nob. 


Spec.  char.  Scales  upon  muzzle  carinated  ; supraorbital  ridges  separated 
by  several  rows  of  scales  ; three  or  four  rows  of  scales  intervening  between 
each  interorbitar  ridge  and  the  occipital  scale  ; six  superior  labials  ; abdominal 
and  dorsal  scales  very  distinctly  carinated ; those  upon  tail  very  strongly 
keeled ; copper  colored  above,  whitish  beneath  ; throat  orange ; in  some 
specimens  a black  spot  upon  the  shoulder.  Length  of  head  and  body  1 inch 
8 lines. 

Description.  A small  species.  Scales  upon  the  muzzle  very  distinctly  cari- 
nated ; supraorbitar  ridges  separated  by  several  rows  of  scales  ; three  or 
four  rows  of  scales  intervening  between  the  supraorbitar  ridge  and  the  occipital 
scale  ; six  or  seven  supraorbitar  scales  separated  from  the  supraorbitar  ridge 
by  a single  row  of  granules  ; three  scales  carinated,  and  two  of  them  much 
larger  than  the  others  ; six  superior  labial  scales  ; six  or  seven  rows  of  scales 
upon  the  sides . of  the  head  anteriorly  above  the  supraorbitars ; auricular 
opening  moderate  ; scales  of  the  flanks  smaller  than  those  upon  the  back  and 
abdomen  ; abdominal  and  dorsal  scales  very  distinctly  carinated  ; those  upon 


I860.] 


56460 


482 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


tail  very  strongly  keeled ; copper  colored  above,  whitish,  or  yellowish  white 
beneath  ; throat  often  orange,  and  in  some  specimens  a black  spot  over  the 
shoulder.  Length  of  head  and  body  1 inch  8 lines.  Seventeen  specimens. 

Dacostura  Wagler,  Wiegmann. 

Daconura  bivittata  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Head  covered  with  polygonal  plates  of  unequal  size ; color 
brownish  above,  with  two  lateral  white  vittse,  bordered  with  black,  one  on 
each  side,  commencing  behind  the  eyes,  and  extending  the  whole  length  of 
the  body,  as  far  as  the  base  of  the  tail ; under  parts  white.  Total  length 
inches  ; of  tail,  1 inch  4 lines. 

Description.  Seven  supra  labials,  nostril  in  a single  scale ; plates  upon 
front  and  muzzle  unicarinate ; superciliary  wide,  separated  by  two  rows  of 
scales,  a single  row  between  former  and  occipital  scale  ; & single  row  of  scales 
much  larger  than  the  rest,  commencing  at  about  three  lines  from  the  occiput, 
and  extending  along  the  median  line  of  the  back  and  tail  above  ; scales  upon 
back  larger  than  upon  sides  ; those  of  the  belly  very  distinctly  carinated ; a 
gular  fold  ; tympanum  quite  distinct ; no  femoral  or  anal  pores  ; scales  upon 
under  part  of  tail  strongly  carinated  ; extremities  slender  ; third  and  fourth 
fingers  of  nearly  equal  length  ; fourth  toe  much  the  longest ; fingers  and  toes 
slender,  not  dilated,  inner  margin  serrated  ; fingers  and  toes  5 — 5 ; tail  very 
long,  slender,  tapering  to  a point. 

Coloration.  General  color  olive  above,  somewhat  darker  upon  the  sides  ; 
with  two  narrow  white  vittse,  bordered  with  black,  one  on  each  side,  com- 
mencing behind  the  eye  and  extending  the  whole  length  of  the  body,  being 
lost  upon  the  base  of  the  tail ; extremities  indistinctly  barred  with  brown 
above  ; under  parts  whitish. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  A single  specimen. 

Sceloporus  Weigm. 

Sceloporus  scalaris  Weigm. 

Twenty-six  specimens  (sixteen  young). 

Teid^e. 

Cnemidophorus. 

Cnemidophorus  decemilineatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Nostril  in  the  posterior  margin  of  the  naso-rostral  plate  ; 
color  grey  above,  with  ten  white  lines,  five  on  each  side  of  the  back ; eight 
rows  of  abdominal  scales.  Total  length  7^  inches  ; tail  4|  inches. 

Description.  The  nostril  opens  in  the  posterior  edge  of  the  naso-rostral 
plate ; five  superior  labials ; a single  row  of  large  transverse  scales  on 
the  anterior  surface  of  the  forearm  ; twenty-two  femoral  pores  in  the  single 
specimen.  The  ground  color  above  is  greyish  or  olive ; in  the  youngest 
specimens  the  intermediate  space  between  the  four  upper  white  lines,  jet 
black,  forming  three  distinct  jet  black  bands  on  each  side ; these  jet 
black  bands  are  more  distinct  in  the  youngest  specimens  ; in  the  oldest  the 
upper  surface-is  of  an  uniform  olive  color,  darker  upon  the  sides  ; the  entire 
surface  of  the  abdomen,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  under  surface  of  the 
thighs,  jet  black  ; anterior  part  of  forearms  white  spotted  ; these  spots  quite 
small,  and  by  no  means  so  distinct  or  near  so  large  as  in  C.  lemniscatus; 
in  the  younger  specimens,  presenting  the  form  of  vermiculations. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  10  lines  ; of  neck  and  body  to  vent,  2 inches 
1 line  ; of  tail  4\  inches. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  Seventeen  specimens. 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OP  PHILADELPHIA. 


48a 


Gen.  remarks.  This  species  is  readily  distinguished  from  C.  lemnis- 
c a t u s , the  latter  having  but  nine  lines,  the  middle  one  of  which  bifurcates 
toward  the  occiput,  and  the  sides  more  or  less  white  spotted. 

Cnemidophorus  quadrilineatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Nostril  between  the  naso-rostral  and  naso-frenal  plate ; five 
supra-labials  ; eight  rows  of  abdominal  scales  ; color  brownish  black  above  ; 
jet  black  upon  the  sides,  with  two  very  narrow  white  lines,  extending  from 
the  temples  in  a line  with  the  posterior  margin  of  the  eye,  extending  as  far  as 
the  posterior  extremities  ; a single  row  of  broad  scales  upon  the  anterior  sur- 
surface  of  the  forearms.  Total  length  3 inches  3 lines. 

Description.  The  above  appears  to  be  one  of  the  smallest  of  the  species  of 
Cnemidophorus.  It  is  readily  distinguished  by  its  small  size,  and  the  pecu- 
liarity of  its  markings  ; in  front  of  the  gular  fold  is  a row  of  four  large  scales, 
followed  by  several  smaller  ones  ; the  back,  between  the  two  inner  stripes,  is 
vermiculated  with  black,  the  sides  white  spotted  ; the  tail  presents  a white 
lateral  stripe,  a continuation  of  the  lower  one  upon  the  side  ; under  parts 
bluish,  lighter  upon  the  chin. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  5 lines  ; of  body  to  vent  11  lines  ; length  of 
tail  inches  ; total  length  3 inches  4 lines. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  Four  specimens. 

Gen.  remarks.  Cnemidophorus  prsesignis  B.  8p  G.,  from  Chagres,  said 
also  to  be  common  at  Para,  has  ten  rows  of  abdominal  plates. 

Ameiva  Cuvier. 

Ameiva  pulchra  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Nostril  between  the  naso-rostral  and  naso-frenal  plates  ; a 
group  of  large  scales  upon  the  chin,  surrounded  by  smaller  ones  ; three 
or  four  large  scales  in  front  of  the  gular  fold,  surrounded  by  smaller  scales  ; 
eight  rows  of  abdominal  plates  ; color  olive  above,  with  two  lateral  stripes  of 
brown,  one  on  each  side,  with  numerous  transverse  rows  of  black.  Total 
length  8J  inches. 

Description.  This  is  a beautiful  species  of  Ameiva,  presenting  distinctly 
the  characters  of  the  genus,  viz.  . — the  retractility  of  the  tongue  beneath  the 
glottis,  which  distinguishes  Ameiva  from  Cnemidophorus.  In  a natural 
series,  it  would  take  the  place  of  Ameiva  S 1 o a n e i , which  it  resembles  very 
closely  in  size,  but  the  neck  is  not  near  so  narrow  as  in  that  species  ; there  is 
but  a single  row  of  large  transverse  scales  in  front  of  the  forearm  ; the  granu- 
lations upon  the  back  are  distinctly  larger  than  those  upon  the  sides  ; twenty 
femoral  pores  ; the  color  of  the  head  is  light  brown  above,  and  upon  the  sides  ; 
olive  colored  or  light  brown  upon  the  back,  with  a band  of  deep  brown  along 
each  side,  presenting  numerous  transverse  bars  of  black  ; abdomen  bluish,  the 
rest  of  the  under  surface  white,  with  a tinge  of  blue  ; in  many  of  the  speci- 
mens a row  of  white  spots  extends  from  the  tympanum  to  the  posterior 
extremity,  occasionally  assuming  the  form  of  a very  narrow  white  line ; a 
white  spot  upon  the  temple,  and  three  or  four  around  the  margin  of  the  tym- 
panum. Eighteen  specimens. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua. 

Scincid.®  Ophiophthalmidce. 

Among  the  saurians  of  the  collection  from  Nicaragua  are  two  small  lepido- 
saurians  belonging  to  the  subfamily  Ophiopthalmidse,  and  which  appear  to 
belong  to  a genus  not  yet  described,  having  four  toes  to  each  of  the  anterior, 
and  the  same  number  to  each  of  the  posterior  extremities.  For  the  dis- 
tinctive characters  of  the  genera  already  known,  see  D.  etB.,  tom.  v., 
806-831.  It  may  be  thus  characterized ; — No  eyelid  ; nostrils  lateral,  opening 
in  a single  scale  ; no  supero-nasals  ; teeth  conical,  simple  ; tongue  bifid, 

I860.] 


484 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


covered  with  scales  ; palate  without  teeth,  with  a triangular  excavation ; 
auricular  openings  ; four  extremities  each  with  four  toes  ; scales  smooth, 
neither  femoral  or  prseanal  pores ; palpebral  circle,  more  or  less  complete.  It 
will  be  observed  that  these  characters  are  precisely  the  same  as  those  of  the 
genus  Ablepharus  of  Fitzinger,  as  given  by  D.  & B.,  except  that  the  number 
of  fingers  and  toes  is  four  instead  of  five. 

Gen.  Blepharactisis  nob. 

Blepharactisis  speciosa  nob. 

Spec.  char.  An  internasal,  two  fronto-nasals,  a small  frontal,  a large  inter- 
parietal, two  parietals  ; color  dark  olive  above,  with  two  dark  lateral  stripes, 
one  on  each  side  ; under  parts  lighter.  Total  length  inches  ; of  head  and 
body  8 lines. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  Two  specimens. 

OPHIDIANS. 

Syncranterid^j. 

Leptophis  Bell. 

Leptophis  margaritiferus  D.  & B.,  tom.  vii.  p.  539. 

Herpetodryas  margaritiferus  Schlegel,  Essai  la  Physionomie  des  Serpens, 
tom.  i.  p.  151,  and  tom.  ii.  p.  184.  Two  specimens. 

Fam.  Calamarid^e. 

Lioninia  nob. 

Gen.  Char.  Frontal  stout,  hexagonal,  somewhat  longer  than  broad  ; nostrils 
between  two  plates  ; no  frenal,  one  preocular,  two  postoculars  ; seven  superior 
labials,  the  eye  resting  on  the  third  and  fourth;  pupil  round;  scales  smooth, 
quadrangular  ; tail  quite  stout,  with  bifid  scutes.  Size  that  of  a Calamarian  ; 
palatine  as  well  as  mandibular  teeth  apparently  of  equal  length. 

Lioninia  vermiformis  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Color  whitish  above,  with  numerous  small  brown  spots  formed 
by  a series  of  black  spots,  occupying  each  scale ; in  some  specimens  a narrow 
black  dorsal  line,  extending  from  the  occiput  as  far  as  the  extremity  of  the  tail : 
in  others  this  line  is  quite  indistinct;  a spot  or  blotch  upon  the  occiput,  of  the 
same  color  as  that  of  the  body;  head  brown  above,  lighter  upon  the  snout; 
under  parts  of  animal  white.  Total  length,  5 inches,  1 line;  tail  8 lines.  Ab. 
scut.  122  ; a single  preanal ; subcaud.  26. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua  ; 3 specimens. 

Gen.  remarks.  In  the  arrangement  of  the  plates  upon  the  head,  this  genus 
resembles  very  closely  Streptophorus,  but  the  form  of  the  scales  is  quite 
different, — which  in  the  latter  genus  are  more  or  less  carinated.  It  belongs 
to  the  family  of  Calamarians,  as  defined  by  Dumeril  & Bibron,  viz.:  Body  very 
slender,  rounded,  and  about  the  same  thickness  from  the  head  to  the  tail.  E.  G. 
tome  vii.  p.  48.  It  differs,  however,  from  each  of  the  nine  genera  of  which 
that  family  is  composed.  In  Calamaria  and  Khabdosoma,  the  nostrils  open  in 
a single  scale,  as  well  as  in  Rabdion,  Homalosoma  and  Carphophis.  In  Elapoidis. 
the  scales  are  carinated.  In  Aspidura,  the  urostega  are  in  a single  row. 

Stenocephalia®.  (Serpens  Opistoglyphes)  D.  $ B. 

Gen.  Coniophanes  Hallowell. 

Char.  Head  very  much  flattened,  pupil  round,  supraciliaries  not  projecting 
nostril  in  a single  plate ; a postnasal  about  twice  as  high  as  it  is  long : a 
somewhat  quadrangular  frenal ; one  antocular,  two  postoculars ; a single 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


485 


anterior  temporal;  two  internasals;  two  prefrontals,  much  longer  than  the 
internasals;  a frontal  longer  than  broad,  occipitals  large.  Head  somewhat 
broader  than  neck,  posteriorly  ; scales  smooth,  lanceolate,  19  or  21  rows  ; nearly 
quadrangular  upon  the  tail ; anal  and  subcaudal  scutes  bifid  ; abdomen  slightly 
angular;  tail  long  and  tapering;  posterior  tooth  much  longer  than  the  rest 
and  distinctly  channelled ; the  teeth  in  the  upper  jaw  increase  in  length  as 
they  recede  backward. 

CoNIOPHANES  FISSIDENS  nob. 

Spec.  char.  19  rows  of  smooth  scales  near  the  middle  ; color  brownish, 
approaching  to  violet,  with  two  somewhat  indistinct  lateral  stripes,  and  a 
median  dark  colored  one  upon  the  back ; abdomen  whitish,  with  a row  of 
minute  black  points  on  each  side  and  upon  the  tail;  a narrow  white  vitta, 
commencing  on  the  first  labial,  passes  beneath  the  eye  along  the  temples,  and 
is  lost  upon  the  sides  of  the  neck  ; another,  shorter  upon  the  back,  commencing 
at  the  occiput.  Total  length  8 inches;  of  tail  7^  inches;  circumference  1 inch. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  One  specimen. 

OxYCEPHALIDiE, 

Dryophis  aeneus.  One  specimen. 

Conocerques.  (Serpens  Proteroglyphes.) 

Elaps  Schn. 

Elaps  melanocephalus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Entire  head,  chin  and  throat  black;  16  black  rings  upon  the 
body,  margined  with  white;  4 distinct  ring3  upon  tail;  inter-spaces  between 
black  rings  spotted  with  black;  200  abdom.  scuta;  a double  praeanal ; 52 
subcaudal;  15  rows  of  scales. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  One  specimen. 

B ATRAC  HI  A AN OTJR  A. 

RANimas . 

Cystignathus  melanonotus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Color  black  above,  black  spotted ; a black  subround  spot 
between  the  eyes  ; under  parts  white,  minutely  mottled  and  spotted  with 
brown  ; body  and  extremities  slender. 

Description.  Head  of  moderate  size,  eyes  not  remarkably  prominent,  tympanum 
well  developed,  tongue  obcordate,  not  notched  posteriorly ; palatine  teeth  in 
two  transverse  rows ; the  anterior  margin  od  a line  with  the  posterior  margin 
of  the  posterior  nares ; color  as  stated  in  the  specific  character. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  4 lines  ; greatest  breadth  3 ; length  of  head  and 
body  9 lines ; length  of  anterior  extremities  6 lines  ; of  posterior,  1 inch  ; of 
thigh  3 lines ; of  leg  4 ; of  tarsus  2 lines  ; of  foot  to  extremity  of  longest  toe 
4£  lines. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua.  One  specimen  ; perhaps  the  young  of  a larger  animal. 

HYLlmE. 

Hyla  grisea  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Skin  smooth,  tongue  obcordate,  notched  posteriorly,  palatine 
teeth  in  two  fasciculi  behind  the  posterior  nares ; color  light  grey,  a brown 
above,  with  darker  maculations  ; length  1^  inches. 

Description.  Head  triangular  ; snout  somewhat  acute  ; nostrils  two  lines 
apart ; tongue  obcordate,  slightly  notched  posteriorly ; extremities  slender  ; 
toes  palmate  at  their  base,  the  webs  reaching  to  the  proximal  extremity  of  the 
second  phalanx,  tympanum  of  moderate  size,  eyes  slightly  prominent.  Color 
grey  or  brownish  above,  with  a transverse  bar  of  darker  grey  between  the 

I860.] 


486 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


eyes ; behind  this  a blotch  with  irregular  margins,  resembling  the  letter  W ; 
there  are  also  upon  the  back  irregular  blotches  of  a darker  grey  than  the 
surrounding  surface ; thighs  mottled  posteriorly  with  black  and  white,  varied 
with  grey  in  front;  legs  and  tarsi  with  transverse  bars  of  grey,  also  arms  and 
forearms  ; under  parts  white. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  8 lines ; greatest  breadth  6 ; length  of  head 
and  body  1 inch,  8 lines;  length  of  anterior  extremities  1 inch;  of  posterior, 
3 inches;  of  thigh  8 lines;  of  leg  11 ; of  foot  to  extremity  of  longest  toe  11. 

Bufonid,e. 

Bufo  melanogaster  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Supra-orbitar  ridges  slightly  developed ; internal  nare3  of 
moderate  size  ; tongue  elongate,  cordiform,  rounded  posteriorly  ; free  for  rather 
more  than  half  of  its  length  posteriorly ; color  grey  with  a longitudinal  row 
of  subround  black  spots  on  either  side  of  the  median  line ; extremities  varied 
with  black;  under  parts  yellow  marbled  with  black;  length  1 inch,  1 line;  of 
posterior  extremities  1 inch,  3 lines ; of  anterior,  8 lines. 

Habitat.  Nicaragua,  One  specimen. 

Gen.  remarks.  Most  probably  the  young  of  a larger  animal. 


One  specimen. 


California. 

SA  URIANS. 

Iguaniens  Pleurodontes  D.  & B. 
SCELOPORUS  BISERIATUS  nob. 


BA  TRA  CHI  A NS. 
Urodela  Atretoderes  D.  & B. 


Anaides  lugubris  Baird.  Six  specimens — three  adult,  three  young. 

The  lateral  yellow  spots  are  much  more  distinct  in  these  specimens  than  in 
others  in  our  collection.  They  are  of  a bright  chrome  yellow  color,  and 
irregularly  disposed.  In  the  young  specimens,  these  spots  are  indistinct. 

Taricha  torosus  Grans.  One  specimen,  taken  near  Vallejo,  California, 
Nov.,  1855,  by  Mr.  Wright. 

Batrachoseps  attenuatus  Gray.  Eight  specimens — six  adult,  two  young. 


Oceania. 

CHEL  ON  IANS. 

Chelonia  mydas  (young).  Seven  specimens.  In  five  of  these  the  nuchal 
plate  is  bifid. 

Habitat.  Bonin  Islands. 

SA  URIANS. 

Varanid^:. 

Varanus  bivittatus  D.  & B. 

One  specimen. 

Habitat.  Gaspar  Straits. 

Scincoidians  ou  Sauriens  Lepidosaures  D.  $ B. 

Euprepis  Wagler. 

Euprepis  concolor  nob. 


Spec.  char.  Nasal  plate  rounded  posteriorly,  anterior  margin  curvilinear; 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


487 


supero-nasals  rather  slender,  contiguous ; internasal  lozenge-shaped ; two 
fronto-nasals  in  contact ; a frontal  long  with  an  acute  angle  anteriorly,  its 
lateral  margins  nearly  straight ; two  fronto-parietals  rather  long ; an  inter- 
parietal, two  parietals ; a small  freno-nasal,  two  frenals,  the  anterior  smaller 
than  the  posterior  and  nearly  quadrangular  in  shape ; two  freno-orbitars  ; 
seven  superior  labials,  inferior  eyelid  scaly;  praeanal  scales  unequal,  the  two 
middle  oblong ; scales  of  neck  strongly  tricarinate ; color  uniform  brown 
above,  white  below.  Length  7 inches,  8 lines  ; of  tail  4 inches,  5 lines ; of 
head  10  lines. 

Habitat.  Gaspar  Straits.  One  specimen. 

Gen.  remarks.  Dumeril  & Bibron  describe  thirteen  species  of  Euprepis,  of 
which  but  two  have  the  inferior  eyelid  destitute  of  a transparent  disk,  viz.: 
E.  Sebae  and  E.  Ernesti.  From  both  of  these  the  species  above  described 
differs  remarkably.  It  the  latter  the  supranasals  are  not  contiguous ; in  the 
former  the  carinae  upon  the  scales  are  indistinct;  it  is  also  a larger  animal. 
The  specimen  above  described  was  taken  on  South  Brother  Island,  Gaspar 
Straits,  by  Mr.  Squires,  of  the  U.  S.  steamer  T.  Hancock.  It  is  common.  The 
Malay  name  is  Kaedal. 

Ablepharus.  * 

Ablepharus  nigropunctatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Internasal  four-sided ; the  sides  nearly  equal ; the  posterior  angle 
rounded  ; but  much  more  acute  than  in  A.  P e r o n i i ; the  fronto-parietals 
quadrilateral;  no  inter-parietal;  two  parietals,  no  naso-frenal ; two  freno- 
orbitars  ; seven  superior  labials  ; six  praeanal  scales,  the  two  middle  the  largest. 
Color  greenish  olive  above,  marked  all  over  with  black  spots,  the  spots  on  the 
sides  agglomerated  so  as  to  form  a black  band  extending  from  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  eye  as  far  as  the  posterior  extremities  ; extremities  and  tail  black 
spotted,  the  black  spots  smaller  and  most  distinct  upon  the  under  part  of 
the  tail ; chin  black  spotted;  abdomen,  as  well  as  ground  color  of  chin  and 
under  part  of  tail  and  extremities,  light  green. 

Dimensions . Length  of  head  4 lines;  greatest  breadth  2 J ; length  of  body 
1 inch,  3 lines ; of  tail  8 lines. 

Habitat.  Bonin  Islands.  One  specimen.  Taken  Oct.,  1854,  by  Capt.  Rodgers. 

Ablepharus  peronii  D.  & B.  Tom.  v.  p.  814,  Three  specimens. 

Habitat.  Tahiti. 

Lygosoma. 

Lygosoma  vertebrale  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Lower  eyelid  transparent;  two  fronto-parietals;  nasaL  plates 
quite  separate ; internasal  five-sided ; fronto-nasal  not  contiguous  ; two 
fronto-parietals;  one  inter-parietal;  two  parietals;  frontal  long,  acutely 
angular  posteriorly,  obtusely  so  in  front.  Color : Head  brown,  mottled  with 
darker  brown  upon  the  sides  ; a light  colored  stripe  extending  from  the  occiput 
as  far  as  the  root  of  the  tail ; on  either  side  a row  of  dark  brown  blotches 
with  minute  intervening  spots  ; a broad  dark  brown  colored  band  on  each 
side,  extending  from  the  temple  along  the  side,  about  half-way  down  the  tail  ; 
above  this  band,  the  ground  color  lighter,  resembling  that  of  the  vertebral  band  ; 
upper  part  of  tail  yellowish,  minutely  spotted  with  brown  ; abdomen  white 
with  a tinge  of  blue;  chin,  throat  and  under  part  of  tail  yellowish,  brown 
spotted. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  4. lines;  greatest  breadth  2;  length  of  body  to 
vent  1 inch,  2 lines;  of  tail  11  lines.  Total  length  2 inches,  4 lines. 

Habitat.  Sandwich  Islands. 

Gen.  remarks.  A new  and  interesting  addition  to  the  species,  not  very 
numerous,  of  the  genus  Lygosoma. 

1860  ] 


488 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


OPHIDIA. 

Sub.  ord.  Opisthoglyphes. 

Gen.  Megalops  nob. 

Gen.  char.  Mandibular  teeth,  increasing  in  length  posteriorly,  recurved, 
nearly  straight ; two  internasals  much  smaller  than  the  prefrontals ; frontal  a 
little  longer  than  broad,  pentangular;  a frenal ; two  antoculars,  two  post- 
oculars ; eye  resting  on  the  fourth  supra-labial ; pupil  ovoid ; eyes  very 
prominent;  body  slender,  much  compressed;  abdomen  angular;  tail  rather 
short. 

Megalops  maculatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Twenty-one  rows  of  smooth  scales;  body  presenting  numerous 
sub-quadrangular  and  oblique  blotches  above,  of  a brown  color  ; intermediate 
spaces  white  with  a tinge  of  yellow ; under  surface  white. 

Abdom.  scuta  170.  A bifid  praeanal ; 61  subcaudal  scutellae. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head,  neck  and  body  1 foot,  2 inches,  10  lines  ; length 
of  tail  3f  inches. 

Habitat.  Tahiti.  One  specimen,  collected  by  Mr.  Adams. 

Gen.  remarks.  The  posterior  teeth  in  the  upper  jaw  have  been  destroyed  in 
the  specimen,  so  that  it  is  impossible  to  determine  the  family  to  which  it 
belongs  ; most  probably  of  the  order  Opisthoglyphes ; tlie  head  is  otherwise 
much  injured.  A small  and  not  very  prepossessing  looking  serpent. 

Sub.  ord.  Serp.  Aglyphodontes  ou  Azemiophides,  D.  $ B. 

Gen.  Aepidea  nob. 

Char.  Head  long  and  narrow,  broader  posteriorly,  almost  truncate  in  front : 
teeth  smooth  recurved,  the  anterior,  both  in  the  upper  and  lower  jaw,  longer 
than  the  posterior;  the  same  is  the  case  with  the  palatines,  equally  spaced  : 
nine  plates  upon  the  top  of  the  head,  the  prefrontals  remarkable  for  their  large 
size ; frontal  longer  than  broad ; two  large  occipitals ; body  very  long,  mueh 
thicker  in  the  middle,  compressed,  with  smooth  scales,  broader  and  shorter  upon 
the  back  than  upon  the  sides ; abdomen  angular;  tail  about  one-third  the 
length  of  head  and  body : urostega  bifid  ; praeanal  scute  bifid. 

Aepidea  robusta  nob. 

Description.  The  teeth  are  strong,  sharp-pointed,  much  inclined  backward, 
the  eyes  are  of  moderate  size,  the  pupil  round ; the  rostral  plate  is  triangular 
in  shape,  broader  than  high,  the  internasals  of  moderate  size,  the  prefrontals 
very  large,  and  more  or  less  rhomboidal  in  shape  ; the  frontal  quite  broad 
anteriorly,  its  latero-superior  angles  bevelled,  presenting  an  obtuse  angle 
posteriorly;  the  supra-oculars  long,  of  moderate  breadth  behind  ; the  occipitals 
much  longer  than  broad  ; nostrils  between  two  plates,  large  ; the  posterior  the 
larger  of  the  two ; the  frenal  is  remarkable  for  its  great  length  and  unusual 
position  ; its  upper  margin  is  curved,  terminating  in  a point  posteriorly,  about 
one-half  of  it  passing  below  the  antocular ; there  are  ten  superior  labials  ; the 
eye  resting  ou  the  sixth  and  seventh  ; the  seventh  is  larger  and  of  quite  a 
different  shape  from  the  others,  its  posterior  portion  being  prolonged  upward 
and  backward  to  meet  the  inferior  postocular ; the  antocular  is  remarkable  for 
its  very  large  size ; it  is  more  or  less  rhomboidal  in  shape,  in  contact  in  front 
with  the  prefrontal,  above  with  the  frontal  and  supra- ocular,  below  by  the 
greater  part  of  its  extent  with  the  frenal,  and  with  the  fifth  and  sixth  supra- 
labials ; of  the  two  postoculars  the  superior  is  somewhat  larger  than  the 
inferior ; the  anterior  genials  are  much  larger  than  the  posterior ; the  neck  is 
long  and  slender,  the  body  much  thicker,  compressed  entoit;  scales  smooth, 
those  upon  the  sides  lanceolate,  the  four  or  five  rows  upon  the  back  larger : 
abdomen  very  angular ; tail  of  moderate  length,  scales  hexagonal ; the  two 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


489 


middle  dorsal  rows  larger  than  the  others ; twenty-three  rows  of  scales  upon 
the  middle  of  the  body,  eight  near  the  origin  of  the  tail.  Color  olive  in  spirits, 
probably  green  during  life  ; abdomen  and  under  part  of  tail  green. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  13  lines  ; breadth  posteriorly  6 ; length  of  back 
and  body  2 feet,  9 inches ; of  tail  12  inches,  8 lines.  Total  length  4J  feet ; 
circumference  of  body  at  middle  2 inches.  Ab.  scut.  236  j 1 bifid  praeanal ; 
146  urostega. 

Habitat.  Gaspar  Straits.  One  specimen. 

Proteroglyphes — Platycerques  D.  B. 

Flaturus  fasciatus  Latreille.  One  fine  specimen.  Black  bands  complete  ; 
larger  considerably  upon  the  back  than  abdomen  ; a white  spot  on  each  side  of 
the  occipitals.  Aricamote  of  the  Tahitians.  Captured  in  Bananas  Bay,  Tahiti, 
March  19th,  1855.  Presented  by  Mr.  Adams,  of  Papete.  Total  length  2 feet,  7 
inches  ; of  tail  8 inches  ; circumference  2 inches,  8 lines. 

Platurus  fasciatus  Yar. 

Char.  Snout  black  ; extremity  of  tail  black  ; forty  complete  black  bands  upon 
the  body;  besides  three  incomplete  upon  the  neck;  six  complete  black  bands 
upon  the  tail ; three  and  a-half  rows  of  scales  in  black  bands  upon  the  back, 
and  one  and  a-half  in  the  white  interspace.  Total  length  1 foot,  9£  inches.  The 
largest  specimen  measures  3 feet,  9 inches  in  length  and  6 inches  in  circumference. 
The  tail  measures  4^-  inches  in  length  by  1£  inches  in  height  at  its  base.  The 
coloration  corresponds  with  that  of  the  plate  of  Hydrophis  colubrina,  in 
the  Fauna  Japonica.  The  abdomen,  chin  and  throat  are  ochraceous  throughout, 
the  bands  having  disappeared  entirely  from  the  belly ; 23  rows  of  scales  near 
the  middle  of  the  body;  chin  and  throat  covered  with  scales;  ab.  scuta.  198, 
of  which  the  4 last  are  bifid  ; 32  bifid  urostega.  Besides  the  above  there  are 
two  other  specimens,  from  Cleopatra  Island,  more  fully  grown,  one  completely 
adult,  (Hydrophis  colubrina  Schlegel’s  Fauna  Japonica,  tab.  10).  The  only 
difference  which  I observe  between  the  latter  and  Prof.  SchlegeFs  specimen,  is 
that  the  scales  in  the  latter  do  not  appear  to  be  quite  so  broad.  The  markings 
in  the  two  specimens  before  us  are  quite  different  from  those  of  the  younger 
ones,  in  which  the  black  and  white  bands  are  very  distinct  and  complete, 
encircling  the  whole  body  ; but  in  the  one  which  may  be  nearly  half  grown,  they 
are  so  only  upon  the  tail  and  the  posterior  part  of  the  body,  the  abdomen  being 
of  a dull,  ochraceous  yellow  in  the  greater  partof.its  extent,  as  well  as  the  neck 
and  throat,  somewhat  deeper  brown  opposite  the  bands  ; the  length  of  this 
specimen  is  2 feet,  9£  inches ; circumference  3 inches,  3 lines ; the  extremity 
of  rhe  tail  is  black  ; 6 complete  bands  upon  the  tail. 

Two  other  specimens  of  this  variety  are  in  the  collection,  from  Loo-Choo, 
younger  than  either  of  the  others.  In  the  smaller,  which  measures  I foot,  2 
inches  in  length,  and  8 lines  only  in  circumference,  the  black  rings  are  of  nearly 
equal  length  upon  the  back  and  abdomen,  being  very  closely  approximated  in 
the  latter  position  ; the  very  tip  of  the  tail  in  the  smallest  specimen  is  white. 
The  specimen  marked  243,  taken  by  Capt.  Stevens,  at  Cleopatra  Island  (north 
of  Ousima),  May,  1855. 

Pelamis  Daudin. 

Pelamis  bicolor  Daudin.  One  specimen. 

Habitat.  Tahiti. 

New  Holland. 

SAUR1A. 

Lepidosaurian  or  Scincoid  Lizards. 

Saurophthalmes  D.  & B. 

Lygosoma  Gray. 

Lygosoma  Guichenoti  D.  & B. 

I860.] 


490 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


Habitat.  Sidney.  One  specimen. 

Lygosoma  t^niolatum  D.  & B. 

Syn.  Lacerta  tceniolata  Shaw,  Gen.  Zool.  tom.  3,  p.  239. 

Spec.  char.  Eyelid  scaly,  two  fronto-parietals ; nasals  in  contact ; fronto- 
nasals  separate  ; ground  color  of  back  and  upper  part  of  tail  yellowish-brown, 
with  a longitudinal  band  of  black  along  the  middle  line  of  the  back,  commencing 
at  the  occiput,  and  lost  upon  the  tail,  bordered  with  white ; a black  lateral 
band  on  each  side,  commencing  at  the  nostrils,  between  which  and  the  eye  it  is 
narrow,  and  passing  along  the  temples  and  sides  of  the  body,  as  far  as  the  origin 
of  the  tail,  where  it  is  continuous  with  a very  narrow  black  band  extending 
about  an  inch  upon  the  tail. 


BATRACHIA. 

Hylid^e. 

Hyla  cyanea  Daud.  One  specimen.  Sidney  (young).  Taken  Dec.,  1853. 

Loo-Choo. 

SA  URIA. 

Sauriens  Eunotes  D.  & B. 

Sub.  fam.  Iguaniens  Acrodontes. 

Gen.  Diploderma  nob. 

Gen.  char.  Head  pyramido-triangular,  covered  with  polygonal  carinated 
scales,  of  unequal  size  ; nostrils  lateral  in  a large  plate  near  its  upper  border  ; 
a small  nuchal  crest ; no  external  ear  openings  ; body  covered  with  strongly 
carinated  scales,  many  of  which  are  quite  large  ; those  upon  the  anterior  and 
lateral  parts  of  the  body  quite  small ; tail  long  and  slender,  cyclo-tetragonal 
at  base,  covered  with  carinated  scales,  not  verticillate ; no  femoral  or  anal 
pores  ; body  slender,  compressed  ; extremities  slender,  fingers  and  toes  5 — 5 ; 
tongue  slender,  adherent,  notched  posteriorly  ; 40  teeth  in  the  upper  jaw  ; five 
small  incisors,  two  canines  on  each  side,  the  second  more  robust  and  slightly 
longer  than  the  first ; the  remaining  teeth  tricuspid,  with  obtuse  summits,  the 
five  first  smaller  than  the  others  ; 34  lower,  two  canines  of  about  equal  length 
The  teeth,  with  the  exception  of  the  laniaries  and  intermaxillaries,  are  all  very 
closely  in  contact,  inclining  inward,  and  firmly  imbedded  in  the  jaw,  and  not 
along  its  border ; no  palatine  teeth. 

Diploderma  polygonatdm  nob, 

Description.  A longitudinal  row  of  carinated  scales  upon  the  snout  behind 
the  nostril ; frontal  region  depressed  ; supraciliary  ridges  low,  separated  from 
each  other  by  two  rows  of  small  scales,  and  communicating  with  the  longi- 
tudinal ridge  above  mentioned  by  two  or  three  scales  on  each  side  ; supra- 
ocular regions  convex ; no  well  marked  occipital  scale  ; seven  superior  labials  ; 
a nuchal,  not  elevated  crest ; no  transverse  gular  fold  ; neck  slightly  folded ; 
body  slender,  covered  with  carinated  scales,  some  of  which,  here  and  there 
interspersed,  are  much  larger  than  the  others  ; the  axilla,  and  that  part  of 
the  body  immediately  within  the  arm  and  above  it,  covered  with  very  small 
scales  ; this  patch  of  small  scales  contrasting  strongly  with  the  larger  scales 
upon  the  back  and  sides  ; chin  and  throat  covered  with  strongly  carinated 
scales  ; scales  of  abdomen  triangular,  strongly  unicarinate,  the  carina  extend- 
ing the  whole  length  of  the  scale  ; upper  surface  of  arms  and  extremities 
covered  with  strongly  carinated  scales  ; those  on  the  inner  and  anterior  sur- 
face of  the  arm  smaller  than  those  upon  the  corresponding  surface  of  the 
forearm  ; posterior  extremities  covered  with  strongly  carinated  scales  ; third 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


491 


and  fourth,  fingers  of  nearly  equal  length  ; fourth  toe  the  longest ; margins  of 
fingers  and  toes  serrated,  the  under  surface  protected  with  transverse  scales  ; 
soles  of  feet  covered  with  strongly  carinated  scales,  ending  in  a spine  ; palms 
covered  with  very  small  scales. 

Color.  Uniform  greenish-olive  above,  somewhat  deeper  upon  the  back, 
much  lighter  beneath,  with  a marked  tinge  of  yellow ; eight  dark  colored 
bands  upon  the  tail. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  9 lines  ; greatest  breadth  5 lines  ; length  of 
body  If  inches  ; tail  5f  inches ; total  length  7 inches  9 lines. 

Habitat.  Amakarima  Island.  One  specimen. 

Gen.  remarks.  Lyrioceplialus,  Otocryptus,  Ceratophorus,  and  Phryno- 
cephalus  are  Iguanian  Acrodont  saurians,  with  ears  concealed  beneath  the 
integument ; but  Diploderma  differs  from  each  of  these.  Lyriocephalus  has 
the  snout  surmounted  by  a rounded  protuberance  ; the  dentition  of  Oto- 
cryptus is  altogether  different,  and  in  Ceratophorus,  as  its  name  indicates,  the 
snout  is  prolonged  into  a sort  of  horn.  See  D.  & B.  tom.  v.  p.  433.  The 
head  of  Phrynocephalus  is  nearly  circular  ; the  tail  is  much  shorter,  and  the 
body  is  covered  all  over  with  minute  scales,  being  quite  a different  animal  in 
its  general  appearance. 

Otocryptis  Weig. 

Among  the  saurians  in  the  Loo-Choo  collection  is  a very  small  Acrodont 
Iguanian,  no  doubt  a young  animal,  which  appears  to  belong  to  a genus  very 
near  if  not  identical  with  the  Otocryptus  of  Weigmann.  The  form  of  the  head, 
however,  is  different  from  that  of  Otocryptus,  as  described  by  Dumeril  & 
Bibron,  and  the  number  of  molar  teeth  is  less,  viz. : — eight  instead  of  twelve. 
The  specimen,  small  as  it  is,  is  much  mutilated,  and  otherwise  injured,  but 
the  following  characters  can  be  distinctly  made  out. 

Gen.  char.  Head  rounded,  and  high  posteriorly,  the  anterior  slope 
more  gradual  than  the  posterior,  the  front  and  vertex  being  nearly  on 
a line ; snout  covered  with  polygonal  scales  ; supraorbitar  ridges  dis- 
tinct ; eyelids  covered  with  carinated  scales  of  nearly  equal  size  ; occiput 
covered  with  polygonal  scales,  partly  smooth,  partly  carinate ; temples 
covered  with  carinated  scales ; eyelids  covered  with  small  scales.  The  in- 
cisor teeth  on  each  side  separate,  a conical  canine,  and  eight  tricuspid,  the 
first  three  the  smallest,  the  last  two  the  largest ; the  same  number  in  the 
lower  jaw ; ears  concealed  by  the  integument ; body  covered  with  scales 
arranged  in  transverse  rows  ; five  fingers  without  serratures,  the  fourth  finger 
a little  the  longest,  all  armed  with  recurved  nails  ; tail  slender. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  4 lines  ; of  neck  and  body  6f  lines  ; of  tail 
(mutilated)  10  lines  ; length  of  anterior  extremities  6 lines  ; of  posterior 

Habitat.  Loo-Choo.  One  specimen.  Caught  Nov.  1854,  by  McKnight. 

Gen.  remarks.  But  one  species  of  Otocryptus  is  described  by  Dumeril  & 
Bibron,  viz. : — O.  bivittata  Weig.,  the  habitat  of  which  is  unknown. 

Geckotid.®. 

Lezards  Geckotiens,  ou  Sauriens  Ascalabotes  D.  & B. 

Gen.  Hemidactylus. 

Sect.  Dactyloteles  D.  & B. 

Sub.  div.  A. — Dact.Jissipedes. 

Hemidactylus  marmoratus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Mental  plate  pentangular,  small ; behind  these  several  series 
of  unequal  scales,  larger  than  those  upon  the  throat  ; a transverse  row  of 
plates  immediately  behind  the  mental  and  first  infra-labials  ; the  two  middle 
much  larger  than  the  lateral  ones  ; eleven  supra-labials  on  each  side  ; ventral 

I860.] 


492 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


plate  pentangular,  much  broader  than  high,  presenting  an  angle  posteriorly  ; 
scales  upon  the  muzzle  and  in  front  of  the  orbits,  nearly  equal,  small ; head 
covered  with  small  granulations  ; five  rows  of  very  small  circular  tubercles 
on  each  side  of  the  back  above ; a row  of  seven  pores  in  front  of  the  anus  ; 
color  greyish,  marked  all  over  with  black ; abdomen  white  ; chin  and  throat 
white,  marked  with  brown. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  7 lines  ; greatest  breadth  4|  lines  ; length  of 
head  and  body  1 inch  8 lines. 

Habitat.  Loo-Choo.  One  specimen. 

Hemidactylus  inornatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Mental  plate  triangular,  large ; but  two  plates  immediately 
behind  the  mental,  large  and  quadrangular  ; immediately  behind  them  two 
others,  smaller,  and  also  more  or  less  quadrangular  ; rostral  plate  broader 
than  high,  not  presenting  an  acute  angle  posteriorly ; the  plates  behind  it 
rather  small,  with  one  intermediate,  eleven  supra-labials,  the  last  six  the 
smallest ; but  two  rows  of  circular  tubercles  on  either  side  of  the  median  line  ; 
no  tubercles  upon  the  head  ; scales  small,  and  for  the  most  part  equal ; color 
uniform  drab  above,  with  a few  dark  colored  maculations  ; under  parts  white. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  six  lines  ; greatest  breadth  four  lines  ; length  of 
body  1 inch  3 lines  ; of  tail 

Habitat.  Loo-Choo.  One  specimen.  Caught  in  a shed,  Nov.  1854,  (W.  S.) 

Gen.  remarks.  This  species  is  readily  distinguished  from  the  preceding 
by  the  different  shape  and  size  of  the  mental  plate,  and  arrangement  of  the 
scales  posterior  to  it,  and  the  presence  of  pores  in  front  of  the  anus. 

Scincid^:. 

Plestiodon  D.  & B. 

Plestiodon  marginatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Rostral  plate  comparatively  high;  internasal  presenting 
an  obtuse  and  rounded  angle  posteriorly ; fronto-nasal  not  in  contact,  being 
separated  by  a considerable  interval ; frontal  plate  heptagonal,  more  or  less 
truncate  anteriorly  ; seven  superior  labials  ; olive  colored  above,  with  a tinge 
of  red  upon  the  head,  and  a broad,  brickdust  colored  stripe,  commencing  upon 
the  temples,  and  extending  along  the  sides  of  the  neck,  and  the  body,  as  far 
the  root  of  the  tail ; under  parts  silvery  white.  Twenty-five  rows  of  scales  ; 
five  in  front  of  the  tail. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  11  £ lines  ; greatest  breadth  8 lines  ; length  of 
body  2 inches  8 lines  ; of  tail  2 inches  9 lines  ; of  anterior  extremities  11  lines  ; 
of  posterior  15  lines. 

Habitat.  Ousima,  Japan,  and  Loo-Choo  Islands. 

Gen.  remarks.  The  specimen  from  Loo-Choo  is  much  smaller,  and  evidently 
the  young  of  the  same  species.  The  lateral  stripe  of  brown  is  bordered  with 
obscure  white,  and  there  is  a vitta  of  the  same  color  running  along  the  middle 
of  the  back.  This  species,  with  the  exception  of  the  lateral  band  bears  a 
striking  resemblance  to  Plestiodon  laticeps  of  the  Southern  U.  S.,  but  the 
red  upon  the  head  is  not  near  so  deep,  and  the  shape  of  the  rostral  and 
frontal  plates  is  quite  different,  and  the  fronto-nasals  are  closely  in  contact. 
The  smaller  specimen,  caught  April,  1855,  by  Mr.  Stimpson.  The  larger, 
May,  of  the  same  year. 

OPHIDIA. 

Crotalians. 

Bothrops  flavoviridis  nob. 

Description.  The  head  is  large,  triangular  in  shape,  covered  above  and  below 
with  smooth  scales,  in  this  respect  differing  from  typical  Bothrops,  in  which 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


493 


the  scales  upon  the  top  of  the  head  are  carinate : eight  superior  labials ; 
third  and  fourth  the  largest ; seven  temporals  ; the  two  anterior,  of  which  the 
superior  is  the  larger,  separated  from  the  orbit  by  a row  of  small  scales  ; the 
plates  over  the  eyes  are  of  moderate  size,  single  ; the  rostral  plate  is  broader 
than  high  ; the  head  is  much  larger  posteriorly  than  in  front,  where  it 
is  somewhat  truncate  ; neck  much  contracted ; body  rather  slender, 
presenting  near  the  middle  twenty-seven  rows  of  lanceolate  carinate 
scales,  the  carinae  extending  the  whole  length  of  the  scale,  and  the 
rows  running  very  obliquely ; besides  these  carinated  scales  there  are  two 
other  inferior  rows,  running  very  obliquely,  which  are  smooth,  the  total  num- 
ber of  rows  of  scales  being  thirty-one  ; the  scales  upon  the  tail  are  much  broader 
than  those  upon  the  back  ; the  ground  color  of  the  head  above  is  ochraceous 
yellow,  presenting  numerous  dark  colored  lines,  probably  green  during  life  ; 
a narrow  vitta  of  the  same  color  extends  from  behind  the  eye  to  the  posterior 
and  external  angle  of  the  head,  a short  distance  above  the  commissure  of  the 
jaw  ; a bar,  broader  than  the  rest,  is  seen  on  each  side  of  the  inner  aspect  of 
the  occiput,  bending  inward,  and  extending  for  a space  of  two  and  a half 
inches  along  the  side  of  the  neck ; the  jaws  and  throat  are  yellow  (straw 
colored),  as  well  as  the  abdomen ; the  under  part  of  the  tail  is  also  yellow,  but 
presents  a number  of  bluish  colored  maculse  on  each  side  ; the  ground  color 
of  the  body  above  is  dirty  yellow,  with  longitudinal  dark  colored  interrupted 
bars  on  each  side  of  the  median  line,  with  intervening  spaces  of  yellow  ; upon 
the  tail  the  dark  colored  portions  present  the  form  of  double  triangles,  united 
at  their  bases,  upon  the  median  line,  with  a subround  yellow  spot  in  the 
centre,  and  having  upon  their  sides  triangular  interspaces  of  yellow  ; eighty-one 
urostega;  ab.  scuta  sixty-one.  The  specimen  being  much  mutilated,  it  is 
difficult  to  ascertain  with  precision  its  total  length. 

Habitat.  Amakarima  Island  (one  of  the  Loo-Choo  group.) 

Proteroglyphes, 

Platurus  fasciatus. 

One  specimen,  young,  captured  at  Nara,  Loo-choo,  June,  1853,  by  W.  Heine., . 

Aglyphodontes. 

Gen.  Eurypholis  nob. 

Char.  Scales  and  plates  of  the  head  polished,  the  plates  of  the  head  espe- 
cially ; eyes  lateral,  projecting  ; pupil  round  ; body  slender  ; tail  short,  with 
bifid  scutella  ; nine  plates  upon  the  top  of  the  head  ; the  internasal  small ; the 
prefrontals  large,  the  frontal  larger  than  broad,  pentagonal ; nostril  between 
two  plates  ; a rather  narrow  frenal ; one  preocular  ; two  postoculars  ; eight 
supra-laibials  ; the  eye  resting  on  the  fourth  and  fifth  ; scales  hexagonal,  semi- 
carinate  upon  the  back. 

Eurypholis  semicarinatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Uniform  green  above,  white  beneath ; total  length  1 foot  7§ 
inches  ; of  tail  4 inches  5 lines  ; 189  sb.  scut. ; 1 bifid  prse-anal ; 77  sub.  caud. 

Description.  This  serpent  has  very  much  the  general  appearance  of  a 
Leptophis,  but  the  tail  is  shorter  ; the  scales  upon  the  back  are  strictly  hexa- 
gonal, those  upon  the  sides  have  their  posterior  margins  somewhat  rounded ; 
the  three  inferior  rows  on  each  side  are  smooth  ; of  the  plates  upon  the  head, 
the  posterior  nasal  is  larger  than  the  anterior  ; the  frenal  longer  than  high, 
resting  upon  the  supralabials  ; the  superior  postocular  larger  than  the  in- 
ferior ; three  temporal  plates  ; one  in  front  immediately  behind  the  post- 
oculars and  between  the  seventh  supralabial  and  the  occipitals,  the  other 
two,  one  above  and  the  other  behind  these,  between  the  occipital  and  the 
eighth  supralabial  plate  ; the  frontal  presents  an  acute  angle  posteriorly ; the 
occipitals,  of  moderate  size,  pentangular ; the  neck  is  of  nearly  the  same 

I860.]  34 


494 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


thickness  as  the  posterior  part  of  the  head  ; the  scales  upon  the  tail,  with  the 
exception  of  the  inferior  row  on  each  side,  which  is  smooth,  are  also  semi- 
carinate  ; fifteen  rows  of  scales  upon  the  middle  of  the  body ; sixteen  upon  the 
neck  (scales  more  narrow)  ; eight  at  the  origin  of  the  tail. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  6 lines ; breadth  4 lines  ; circumference  of 
body  at  middle  14  lines. 

Habitat.  Loo-Choo.  Caught  by  Mr.  Wright,  near  Napa,  Nov.  1854.  Two 
specimens.  Another  from  Japan. 

In  the  collection  are  no  turtles  from  the  Loo-Choo  Islands. 

B AT R A CHI  A. 

Urodela. 

Fam.  Atretoderes. 

Gen.  Triton  Laurenti. 

Triton  subcristatus  Sclilegel. 

Syn.  Salam.  subcristata  Sclilegel,  Fauna  Japonica,  p.  123,  pi.  iv.  fig.  3. 

Cynops  subcristatus  Tschudi,  Class,  der  Batrachier,  p.  94,  pi.  2. 

Cynops  pyrrogaster  Gray,  Cat.  Brit.  Mus.  p.  25,  No.  1. 

Spec.  char.  Head  flattened ; skin  granular  ; back  above,  in  some  speci- 
mens, presenting  scattered  yellow  spots  upon  the  back  and  sides  ; abdomen 
orange,  with  numerous  black  spots,  resembling  those  of  Triton  cristatus  ; 
chin  and  throat  orange  ; black  spotted ; under  part  of  tail  orange ; tail  long, 
much  compressed. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  six  lines  ; greatest  breadth  6 lines  ; length  of 
neck  and  body  1 inch  9 lines  ; of  tail  2 inches  lines  ; total  length  4 inches 
11^  lines. 

Habitat.  Specimens  marked  No.  5,  found  in  the  Paddyfields  at  the 
Amakarima  Isle,  Loo-Choo,  April,  1855,  by  Mr.  Squires  and  Mr.  Macomb. 
Other  specimens,  marked  53  in  the  Catalogue,  from  Ralousima.  Those  from 
this  place,  the  northern  half  of  Ousima  proper,  are  yellow  beneath,  without 
the  large  black  spots  upon  the  abdomen. 

Gen.  remarks.  This  species  resembles  much  Triton  cristatus  of  Europe, 
but  wants  the  white,  minute  points  upon  the  sides  and  chin,  and  the  tail  is 
much  longer.  According  to  Prof.  Schlegel,  the  osteology  of  the  head  is  also 
different,  and  the  number  of  vertebrae  less,  there  being  sixteen  in  Triton 
cristatus,  and  but  fourteen  in  the  present  species.  We  have  compared 
these  spefcimens  with  one  from  Japan,  due  to  the  generosity  of  the  Adminis- 
tration of  the  Garden  of  Plants,  and  find  no  difference  except  that  the  black 
spots  upon  the  abdomen  are  not  so  numerous  in  the  Japanese  specimen,  and 
the  tail  is  shorter  and  less  compressed  at  its  root.  The  coloration  above,  in 
the  Japanese  specimen,  is  brown  ; in  those  from  Amakarima  Island,  a deep 
black.  We  had  proposed  for  this  dark  colored  Triton,  with  its  narrow  and 
much  compressed  tail,  the  name  ensicauda,  but,  without  a greater  number 
of  specimens  for  comparison,  we  are  unwilling,  at  present,  to  consider  it  a dis- 
tinct species. 

Anoura. 

Hylid.®. 

Hyla  cyanea  Daudin  (young).  One  specimen. 

Ranid.®. 

Rana  rugosa  (young).  Two  specimens.  Taken  at  Loo-Choo,  April,  1855, 
by  Mr.  Stimpson. 


[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


495 


Japan. 

No  turtles  were  collected  at  Japan,  and  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  we  have 
no  specimen  of  the  Megalobatrachus  among  the  Batrachians.  For  a fine  figure 
of  the  latter,  see  the  Fauna  Japonica,  and  for  the  plates  of  Trionyx  and  Emys, 
the  Abbildungen  of  Prof.  Schlegel. 

SAURIANS. 

Autosaurians. 

Sub.  Fam.  Autosaures  ccdodontes  D.  & B. 

Leiodactyles. 

Gen.  Tachydromus  Daud. 

Tachydromus  sexlineatus  D.  & B.  Five  specimens. 

The  ground  color  of  four  of  these  specimens  above,  is  uniform  brown,  inter- 
spersed with  small  black  spots  ; in  the  remaining  one,  green,  the  superior 
lateral  vitta  bordered  interiorly  with  black.  During  life,  dark  coppery  brown ; 
below  white,  like  white  lead.  W.  S. 

Habitat.  Simoda,  Japan,  Island  of  Niphon,  May,  1855.  Common  among 
grass  in  lowlands.  W.  S. 

Tachydromus  japonicus  D.  & B.  Three  specimens. 

Erpet.  Gen.  tom.  v.  p.  161. 

Habitat . Ousima,  Japaii.  Caught  May,  1855,  by  Mr.  Stimpson. 

SCINCIDJE. 

Plestiodon  D.  & B„ 

There  is,  in  the  collection  of  Com.  Rodgers,  but  one  specimen  of  five-lined 
Plestiodon,  which,  both  by  Prof.  Schlegel  and  Bumeril  & Bibron,  have  been 
considered  identical  with  the  Plestiodon  quinquelineatus  of  the  U.  S. 
Prof.  Schlegel  states  that  he  had  before  him  two  complete  suites  of  the  North 
American  and  Japanese  species,  composed  each  of  thirty  individuals  of  all 
ages,  the  one  collected  at  Japan,  by  MM.  de  S'iebold  and  Burger,  the  other  by 
Prof.  Trout,  upon  the  banks  of  the  Tennessee  river.  The  examination  of  this 
large  number  of  specimens  proved  to  him  that  there  existed  not  the  slightest 
difference  between  these  individuals,  brought  from  points  of  the  globe  so  distant 
the  one  from  the  other,  although  situated  under  nearly  the  same  parallel. 
(Fauna  Japonica,  Reptilia,  p.  99.) 

Dumeril  & Bibron  say,  that  having  examined  two  of  the  Japanese  speci- 
mens, the  North  American  species  exists  also  in  Japan.  (Erpet.  Gen.  tom.  v. 
p.  710.)  The  most  striking  difference  that  we  observe  in  the  single  speci- 
men before  us,  consists  in  the  presence  in  the  one  from  Japan,  of  a plate 
above  the  anterior  frenal,  which  is  wanting  in  all  the  others  ; this  doubling 
may  be,  and  probably  is,  an  accident,  and  an  abnormal  division  of  the  anterior 
frontal  plate.  There  are,  also,  but  twenty -four  rows  of  scales  in  the  Japanese 
specimen.  The  coloration  of  the  specimens  from  these  different  localities 
is  very  much  alike,  except  that  the  vertebral  line  does  not  bifurcate 
upon  the  head  in  that  from  Japan.  The  fronto-nasals  are  not  in  contact, 
but  in  some  of  the  North  American  specimens  this  is  the  case,  in  others 
not.  We  have  always  doubted,  notwithstanding  the  high  authority  of 
the  authors  quoted,  the  absolute  identity  of  species  so  remote.  Since 
the  above  was  written,  another  specimen  has  been  placed  in  our  hands, 
in  which  there  ’is  no  naso-frenal,  only  two  frenals,  an  anterior  and  a poste- 
rior, and  there  is  a difference  in  the  number  of  rows  of  scales,  there  being 
twenty-seven  in  the  Japanese,  and  thirty-two  in  the  North  American.  In  a 
specimen  from  South  Carolina,  presented  by  Dr.  Blanding  to  the  Academy, 
there  are  thirty-two  rows  ; in  one  from  the  Loo-Choo  Islands,  by  Dr.  Joseph 

I860.] 


49G 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


Wilson,  U.  S.  N.,  but  twenty-four.  The  scales  upon  the  back,  in  the  Loo- 
Choo  specimen,  are  broader  than  those  in  the  one  from  South  Carolina.  The 
fronto-nasal  and  fronto-parietal  much  smaller  in  the  Loo-Choo  specimen,  the 
former  less  than  half  the  size  ; in  the  latter  the  frenal  is  more  high  and 
narrow  ; in  the  one  from  South  Carolina,  there  is  a naso-frenal,  a plate 
which  does  not  exist  in  the  specimen  from  Loo-choo.  In  the  large  North 
American  specimens  in  the  Green  collection,  we  count  twenty-nine  and  thirty 
rows  of  scales  : both  these  have  a naso-frenal  in  front  of  the  anterior  frenal. 
In  a specimen  from  Arkansas,  presented  by  Mr.  Pitcher,  we  find  twenty-nine 
rows  of  scales,  and  no  naso-frenal,  a near  approach  to  the  Japan ; but  the 
scales  upon  the  back  are  evidently  less  broad.  In  another  specimen  from 
South  Carolina,  presented  by  Prof.  Leidy,  we  find  thirty-two  rows,  with  a 
naso-frenal ; scales  of  the  back  high.  In  another  from  South  Carolina,  pre- 
sented by  Mr.  Reid,  we  find  twenty-nine  and  thirty  rows.  In  the  specimen 
from  Japan,  which  is  young,  the  ground  color  between  the  stripes  is  jet 
black ; in  those  from  Loo-Choo,  which  are  more  mature,  the  color  above  is 
olive,  with  a dark  colored  lateral  band  on  each  side,  between  the  lateral 
stripe  ; the  most  constant  difference  determined  by  the  above  comparisons, 
therefore,  would  appear  to  be  the  less  number  of  rows  of  scales  in  the 
Japanese,  the  greater  breadth  of  the  dorsal  rows,  and  the  absence  of  the  naso- 
frenal  plate.  We  have  had,  however,  but  three  Asiatic  specimens  for  observa- 
tion, but  would  suggest  whether  they  be  not  really  distinct  species  from  the 
North  American,  although  resembling  each  other  so  much  in  color  ; and  in  case 
future  observation  should  decide  this  to  be  the  case,  would  propose  for  the 
Japanese  species  the  name  Plestiodon  latiscutatus. 

Gen.  Lygosaurus  nob. 

Char.  Nostril  in  a single  plate  ; neither  supero-nasal,  nor  naso-frenal ; two 
fronto-nasals  ; an  interparieto-fronto  parietal ; two  parietals  ; a first  and  second 
frenal ; two  freno-orbitars  ; six  superior  labials  ; body  covered  with  hexagonal 
scales,  tricarinate  upon  the  back ; fingers  and  toes  5 — 5 ; the  two  inner  and 
outer  one3  quite  short;  tail  cyclo-tetragonal  at  base,  longer  than  head,  neck 
and  body. 

Lygosaurus  pellopleurus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Light  brown  above,  with  four  longitudinal  rows  of  minute  black 
spots,  extending  a considerable  distance  upon  the  tail ; a lateral  dark-colored 
band  on  each  side,  commencing  behind  the  eye  and  extending  the  whole  length 
of  the  back  and  body,  being  lost  upon  the  tail;  abdomen  and  under  part  of 
extremities  white ; the  scales  upon  the  under  part  of  the  tail  spotted  with 
black.  Total  length  3 inches,  7 lines ; tail  2 inches. 

Description.  The  size  of  this  delicate-looking  little  Lepidosaurian  is  about 
the  same  as  that  of  Lygosoma  1 a t e r a 1 e ; the  head  is  small,  the  snout  rather 
pointed,  the  supra-orbitar  regions  somewhat  prominent ; the  internasal  is 
broader  than  long;  the  fronto-nasal  single,  truncate  posteriorly,  presenting 
three  facets  in  front,  the  middle  one  broad ; frontal  truncate  anteriorly,  the 
edges  bevelled,  angular  posteriorly  ; the  fronto-parietals  and  parietals  present 
nothing  remarkable,  but  the  interparietal,  instead  of  being  placed  exclusively 
between  the  parietals,  lies  also  and  for  the  greater  part  of  its  extent  between 
the  fronto-parietals;  it  is  narrow  in  front,  broad'  behind;  the  inferior  eyelid  is 
protected  by  two  rows  of  scales,  the  inferior  row  quite  large,  beneath  which, 
and  above  the  supero-labials,  there  are  two  interrupted  rows  of  triangular 
scales ; four  supra-orbitar  scales ; auricular  openings  pyriform  in  shape,  with 
no  scales  upon  their  borders ; scales  hexagonal,  those  upon  the  abdomen  and 
sides  smooth,  those  upon  the  back  tricarinate  ; 24  rows  of  scales,  six  in  front 
of  the  arms  and  of  nearly  equal  size;  extremities  slender,  each  provided  with 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


497 


a nail,  the  third  fiager  the  longest,  the  first  very  short,  almost  rudimentary, 
the  second  and  fifth  of  nearly  equal  length  ; the  first  two  quite  short,  the  fourth 
the  longest;  fingers  and  toes  not  denticulated  upon  the  edges, the  inferior  surface 
covered  with  transverse  scales  Color  and  dimensions  as  above. 

Habitat.  Ousima,  Japan.  Two  specimens, — one  from  Loo-Choo. 

Gen.  remarks.  Although  the  two  animals  resemble  each  other  so  much 
in  tbeir  general  form,  the  arrangement  of  the  plates  upon  the  head  is  quite 
different.  In  Lygo3oma  laterale  the  scales  are  quite  smooth. 

OP  HID  I A. 

Fam.  Typhlopid.e. 

Ophthalmidium  D.  & B. 

Char.  A narrow  rostral,  bent  upon  the  snout;  a supra-ocular ; a pair  of 
preoculars;  a pair  of  nasals;  a pair  of  oculars,  with  the  eye  distinct  at  the 
upper  part ; a pair  of  fronto-nasals  ; a pair  of  post-oculars  ; an  anterior  frontal ; 
a frontal;  a pair  of  parietals  ; an  interparietal;  eyes  latero-superior ; body 
covered  with  smooth  hexagonal  scales  ; tail  very  short. 

Ophthalmidium  tenue  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Color  uniformly  brown  above,  lighter  below  ; 10  rows  of  subcaudal 
scales;  282  horizontal  rows,  20  longitudinal  rows,  4 pair  of  supralabials  ; 
nostrils  very  small,  in  the  suture  between  the  nasal  and  fronto-nasal  plates, 
beneath  the  extremity  of  the  snout. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  tail  1\  lines;  of  head  and  body  5 inches.  Total 
length  5 inches,  J line. 

Habitat.  Hong-Kong,  China.  Three  specimens. 

Fam.  Aglyphodontes  D.  & B. 

Gen.  Elaphis  Aldrovandi. 

Char.  Nostrils  between  two  plates  ; a frenal ; two  antoculars,  the  inferior 
small,  intercalated  between  the  third  and  fourth  supra-labials  ; the  one  resting 
on  the  fourth  and  fifth ; two  internasals,  smaller  than  the  prefrontals  : a frontal 
longer  than  broad ; three  temporals  on  each  side  ; scales  elongated,  lanceolate, 
weakly  keeled ; tail  of  moderate  length,  scutes  bifid. 

Elaphis  bilineatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Nine  rows  of  scales,  the  dorsal  ones  carinate  ; color  black,  as 
in  Coryphodon  constrictor,  but  with  two  white  lines  on  each  side  of  the 
neck,  extending  some  distance  along  the  body.  Total  length  3 feet,  4 inches. 

Description.  This  species,  in  its  general  conformation,  has  a marked  resem- 
blance to  Coryphodon  constrictor  (Bascanion  B.  & G.),  the  pupil  is  round, 
the  supraciliaries  projecting  very  slightly,  the  superior  antocular  much  ex- 
cavated ; of  the  supralabials  the  sixth  and  seventh  are  the  largest ; the  frenal 
is  not  elongated,  but  rhomboidal,  with  its  posterior  and  inferior  angle  prolonged  ; 
of  the  two  anterior  temporal  plates  the  superior  is  the  more  narrow  and  smaller  ; 
the  frontal  plate  is  pentangular,  less  excavated  laterally  than  in  Coryphodon 
constrictor;  the  three  inferior  rows  on  each  side  are  carinated,  the  carin£e 
not  extending  the  whole  length  of  the  scale  ; the  prseanal  scute  is  bifid  ; 
abdomen  angular;  posterior  teeth  longer  than  the  anterior.  Ab.  scut.  193  ; 
subcaud.  1 bifid  paseanal ; 76  subcaud. 

Habitat.  Volcano  Bay,  Jesso.  One  specimen,  caught  by  Dr.  Morrow,  May 
30th,  1854. 

Gen.  Leptophidium  nob. 

Char.  A rostral,  two  internasals  much  smaller  than  the  prefrontals  ; frontal 
longer  than  broad,  presenting  an  acute  angle  posteriorly;  occipitals  large; 

I860.] 


498 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


nostril  between  two  plates,  a frenal ; two  antoeulars,  and  two  postocular  plates  ; 
eye  margined  inferiorly  by  the  fourth  and  fifth  supralabials  ; scales  quadrangular 
smooth  ; a double  prseanal  plate ; tail  short  with  bifid  scutes  : eye  rather  large, 
pupil  ovoid. 

Leptophidium  dorsale  nob. 

Spec  char.  Nineteen  rows  of  smooth  scales  ; eight  superior  labials  ; the  fifth 
in  contact  with  the  inferior  postocular ; an  oblique  brownish  band  behind  the 
eye  ; another  on  each  side  of  the  head,  passing  across  the  temples  ; inferior 
and  superior  labials,  rostral  and  internasals  with  dark-colored  maculations  ; 
a transverse  bar  across  the  prefrontals  posteriorly  ; two  longitudinal  brownish 
stripes  upon  the  neck,  commencing  at  the  occipitals  ; a series  ot  transverse 
light  brown  fasciae  upon  the  anterior  third  of  the  dorsum,  about  12  in  number, 
bordered  with  light  yellow  ; fawn  color  above,  white  below,  with  a tinge  of 
green.  Ab.  scut.  100;  1 bifid  prseanal  ; 85  subcaud. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  6 lines  ; greatest  breadth  3 ; length  of  body  8^ 
inches  ; of  tail  2 inches,  3 lines.  Total  length  11  inches,  3 lines. 

Habitat.  Hakodadi,  Japan.  One  specimen,  taken  on  a hill -side,  near 
Hakodadi,  Island  of  Jesso,  June,  1855,  by  W.  Stimpson. 

Lepidocephalus  nob. 

Gen.  char.  Head  rather  short  and  broad  behind  triangular ; temples 
swollen  ; two  internasals,  two  prefrontals,  larger  than  ihe  internasals ; a frontal, 
as  in  Coronella  ; nostril  between  two  plates  ; a narrow  frenal ; a preocular  ; two 
postoculars  ; the  eye  resting  on  the  fourth  and  fifth  supralabials,  four  or  five 
lines  from  the  extremity  of  the  snout ; posterior  superior  maxillary  teeth  much 
longer  than  the  others;  scales  upon  the  back  quadrangular,  with  rounded 
posterior  margins,  semicarinate ; tail  of  moderate  length,  with  bifid  scutes. 

Lepidocephalus  fasciatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Eight  supralabials;  17  rows  of  scales,  the  four  inferior  rows 
smooth  ; a series  of  thirty-five  dark-colored  bands  upon  the  body  ; nine  upon 
the  tail ; tip  of  tail  black ; 216  ab.  scut.;  a single  prseanal ; 65  subcaud.  ; 
length  3 feet. 

Description.  General  appearance  that  of  Coronella;  the  pupil  is  round; 
there  are  seven  temporal  plates ; of  the  superior  labials  the  posterior 
and  superior  angle  of  the  third  is  prolonged  so  as  to  touch  the  eye 
in  front,  occupying  the  position  of  an  inferior  preocular ; the  sixth  and 
seventh  supralabials  are  the  largest;  the  neck  anteriorly  is  of  nearly  the  same 
thickness  as  the  head;  the  body  moderately  robust,  the  abdomen  angular;  the 
tail  rather  slender,  not  pointed  at  the  tip  ; throat  and  abdomen  white ; a series 
of  black  longitudinal  blotches  upon  the  under  surface  of  the  tail  at  its  middle  ; 
superior  labials  margined  with  black;  a black  quadrangular  blotch  behind  the 
eye ; upper  part  of  head  black,  intermingled  with  yellow  spots ; a narrow 
transverse  band  upon  the  neck  with  an  anterior  prolongation;  the  interspaces 
between  the  black  bands  upon  the  back  white  or  yellowish. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  1 inch;  greatest  breadth  7£  lines;  length  of 
body  2 feet,  inches. 

Habitat.  Japan  and  Loo-Choo.  Two  specimens  from  each  locality.  Those 
from  Loo-Choo  captured  by  Mr.  Heine. 

Gen.  Proterodon  nob. 

Char.  The  anterior  teeth  longer  than  the  posterior,  with  a marked  interval 
between  the  first,  second,  third  and  fourth  of  the  upper  jaw  ; two  internasals  ; 
two  prefrontals ; a frontal,  as  in  Coronella ; a frenal ; one  antocular ; two 
postoculars;  four  temporals;  the  superior  of  the  two  anterior  quite  small  and 

[Oct, 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA 


499 


narrow-pointed  behind ; eye  resting  on  the  fourth  and  fifth  supralabial ; scales 
quadrangular;  those  of  the  back  slightly  carinate ; praeanal  scute  bifid;  tail 
rather  short,  with  bifid  scutes. 

Proterodon  tessellatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Twenty-one  rows  of  scales ; three  or  four  rows  on  each  side 
smooth;  the  others,  with  a slight  carina,  extending  half-way  along  the  middle  ; 
olive-colored  above ; throat  yellow,  black  spotted ; abdomen  orange,  tesselated 
with  black ; length  3 feet. 

Description.  The  head  is  rather  long,  flattened  behind,  pupil  round,  the 
supraciliary  not  projecting  over  the  eye  ; the  frenal  is  quite  small ; of  the  two 
postoculars  the  superior  is  the  larger;  the  temporal  plate  immediately  behind 
them  is  remarkable  for  its  form;  it  is  quite  narrow  and  somewhat  lanceolate 
in  shape ; of  the  two  posterior  temporals  the  upper  is  much  longer  than  the 
inferior;  there  are  eight  supralabials,  though  this  is  somewhat  doubtful  from 
the  diseased  condition  of  the  three  anterior  ones,  the  seventh  being  the 
largest;  the  scales  posterior  to  the  occipitals  (about  a dozen  rows)  are  quite 
smooth;  the  neck  is  narrower  than  the  head;  the  body  moderately  stout; 
the  tail  rounded  above  and  upon  the  sides,  flattened  beneath,  tapering  to  a 
point.  Ab.  scut.  211;  subcaud.  73;  a double  prseanal  plate. 

Amphiesma  tigrinum  D.  & B.,  Erp.  Gen.  t.  vii.  p.  732. 

Tropidonotus  tigrinus  Schlegel,  Fauna  Japonica,  p.  86.  Two  specimens  caught 
at  Niphon,  Japan,  May,  1855,  by  Mr.  Stimpson.  Ab.  scut.  162  ; 1 bifid  prseanal ; 
subcaud.  175. 

Gen.  remarks.  This  is  evidently  the  Tropidonotus  tigrinus  of  Prof. 
Schlegel,  whose  remarks  in  regard  to  the  differences  between  the  one  under 
consideration  and  the  Tropidonotus  n a t r i x of  European  authors,  are  perfectly 
correct.  Trop.  tigrinus  has  a great  resemblance  to  the  Trop.  hydrus  of 
Fitzinger,  of  which  we  have  eight  specimens  in  the  Bonap.  Coll.,  the  markings 
and  the  number  of  rows  of  scales  are  the  same  in  both ; but  the  shape  of  the 
head  is  very  different.  That  of  tigrinus  is  broad,  and  the  snout  is  rounded, 
but  in  hydrus  it  is  more  acute.  The  two  serpents  in  fact  belong  to  different 
genera. 

BA  TRA  CHIANS. 

Ranid^e. 

Rana  rugosa  Schlegel.  Fauna  Japonica,  p.  160,  tab.  3,  fig.  3 and  4,  D.  & B., 
Erpet.  Generale,  tom.  viii.  p.  368. 

Four  specimens  of  small  size,  presenting  the  conical  pustulations  upon  the 
longitudinal  elevations  upon  the  back  described  by  Dumeril  & Bibron,  three 
other  specimens  from  Ousima,  and  two  from  Simoda,  of  the  size  of  Rana 
halecina,  with  vocal  vesicles  very  distinct.  The  specimens  from  Ousima, 
and  two  larger  ones  from  Simoda,  are  perfectly  white  beneath.  Taken  in 
in  the  Paddy  fields  at  the  island  of  Ousima,  May,  1855,  W,  S.  Cream 
colored  and  greenish  mottled.  The  large  specimens  from  Simoda,  Island 
of  Niphon,  were  found  in  the  Paddy  fields  back  of  the  town,  May,  1855. 
This  species  has  bladders,  one  on  each  side  of  the  neck  behind  the  jaws,  which 
swell  in  globes  one-half  an  inch  in  diameter  ; and  when  the  croaking  noise  is 
made,  they  as  rapidly  fall  flat  against  the  neck.  Above  dark  greyish,  with 
darker  brown  spots  on  the  hinder  legs;  sides  yellowish  brown  ; belly  white  ; 
fore  legs  inclining  to  flesh  color;  back  sometimes  streaked  with  black,  as  in 
our  Pickerel  frog.  Other  specimens  much  smaller,  marked  13  in  the  catalogue, 
were  found  along  the  shores  of  mountain  streams,  at  Simoda,  Japan,  May, 
1855.  Above  very  dark  brown,  irregularly  and  distantly  punctate  with  black. 
Below  pale  greyish,  mottled  with  white.  Another  specimen  of  r u g o s a by 
Dr.  Morrow  from  Simoda. 

I860.] 


500 


PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


Rana  marmorata  nob. 

Two  specimens  of  a frog,  the  coloration  of  which,  though  the  animal  is  not 
so  large,  corresponds  with  the  figure  of  Rana  esculenta,  as  given  in  the 
Fauna  Japonica.  It  differs,  however,  very  considerably  from  the  numerous 
specimens  of  Rana  esculenta  in  the  Bonap.  collection  of  the  Academy. 
The  spots  upon  the  back  are  not  so  regular  and  well  defined  as  in  esculen- 
ta, and  there  exist  on  each  side  of  the  ventral  line  four  or  five  longitudinal 
elevations,  resembling  somewhat  those  of  r u g o s a.  The  sides  are  marbled 
with  black,  and  there  is  a black  band  extending  from  the  front  of  the  eye  to 
the  tip  of  the  snout ; extremities  black  spotted ; thighs  posteriorly  marbled 
with  black  ; under  parts  wThite.  Length  1 inch  9 lines  ; of  anterior  extremi- 
ties 1 inch  ; of  posterior  2 inches,  10  lines. 

Habitat.  Simoda.  Five  specimens  obtained  by  Dr.  Morrow. 

A small  specimen  of  a Rana  not  figured  iu  Schlegel,  perhaps  the  young  of  a 
large  species  is. 

Rana  nigromaculata  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Vomerine  teeth  in  two  patches  between  the  internal  nares  : olive 
colored,  with  numerous  black  spots  upon  the  back,  of  considerable  size,  but 
varying  in  this  respect ; a black  band  extending  from  the  eye  to  the  snout  on 
each  side ; legs  and  tarsi  banded  with  black,  thighs  mottled  posteriorly  with 
blotches  of  the  same  color ; under  parts  white  ; web  of  the  toes  extending  as 
far  as  the  base  of  the  antepenultimate  phalanx,  except  in  the  third,  in  which  it 
reaches  to  the  base  of  the  proximal  extremity  of  the  third  phalanx. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  and  body  1 inch  ; of  anterior  extremities  § an 
inch  ; of  posterior  1J  inches. 

Habitat.  Japan.  One  specimen  discovered  by  Dr.  Morrow. 

In  the  collection  of  reptiles  from  Japan,  by  Dr.  Morrow,  is  one  specimen  of 
a Rana  figured  in  Schlegel,  considered  by  Prof.  S.  as  identical  with  the 
Rana  temporaria  of  Europe.  This  species,  however,  has  even  a 
stronger  resemblance  to  the  Rana  sylvatica  of  the  United  States,  with 
which  it  appears  to  be  identical,  and  from  which,  indeed,  I do  not  find 
any  marked  points  of  difference.  The  large  blotch  behind  the  ear,  and  the 
longitudinal  black  mark  upon  the  arm  exist,  in  all  these  specimens,  and  the 
longitudinal  ridge  on  each  side  of  the  body.  Length  of  head  and  body  1 inch 
11  lines  ; of  thigh  1 inch  2 lines  ; of  leg  1 inch  2 lines  ; of  tarsus  7 lines  ; of 
foot  to  extremity  of  longest  toe  1 inch  ; of  arm  5 lines  : of  forearm  5 lines  ; of 
hand  to  extremity  of  longest  finger  5 lines.  Found  in  the  Paddy  fields  back  of 
Simoda,  Island  of  Niphon,  Japan,  May,  1855.  This  species  has  no  cheek  blad- 
der. (Notes  of  Mr.  Stimpson.) 


HyLIDjE. 

Hyla  viridis?  Laurenti. 

Syn.  Hyla  arborea  Schlegel,  Fauna  Japonica,  p.  112,  pi.  3,  fig.  526. 

Habitat.  Simoda,  Japan ; found  in  the  mud  in  the  Paddy  fields  back  of 
Simoda,  Island  of  Niphon,  May,  1855.  The  color  during  life,  according  to  Mr. 
Stimpson,  is  bright  light  green  above.  A golden  band  along  each  side  of  the 
head,  including  the  eye ; sides  minutely  sprinkled  with  copper  color  ; belly 
white  ; puffs  at  the  throat.  Five  specimens. 

Gen.  remarks.  We  can  find  no  marked  difference  of  structure  between  this 
animal  and  the  Hyla  viridis  of  Laurenti,  but  no  mention  is  made  in  the 
description  of  the  former  of  the  golden  band  along  each  side  of  the  head. 

PoLYPEDATES  VIRIDIS  nob. 

Char.  Head  large ; snout  truncate  ; eyes  large ; nostrils  small,  two  lines 

[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


501 


apart ; canthus  rostralis  slightly  excavated ; the  ridge  between  the  snout  and 
the  eye  separating  this  region  from  the  upper  part  of  the  head,  presenting  a 
slight  convexity  inward  : tongue  cordiform,  notched  posteriorly,  eustachian 
foramina  more  oval  in  shape  than  the  posterior  nares ; vomerine  teeth  in 
two  transverse  rows,  on  a line  with  the  anterior  margins  of  the  posterior 
nares,  inclining  backward  toward  each  other,  separated  by  an  interval  of 
more  than  half  a line ; skin  smooth  above,  of  a caerulean  color  in  alcohol  ; 
the  posterior  part  of  thighs,  legs  and  tarsi  whitish  ; under  parts  white,  the 
abdomen  very  much  granulated ; fingers  and  toes  semipalmate  ; a series  of 
dark  colored  spots  upon  the  flanks. 

Dimensions. — Length  of  head  and  body  1 inch  4 lines  ; breadth  of  head  62- 
lines  ; of  arm  4 lines ; of  forearm  3J  lines ; of  hand  to  extremity  of  longest 
finger  5 lines;  of  thigh  8 lines  ; of  leg  8 lines;  of  foot  to  extremity  of  longest 
toe  6 lines. 

Habitat.  Loo-Choo.  Taken  at  Loo-Choo,  December,  1854,  by  Mr.  Wright. 
Color  during  life  pale  green  above,  below  pale  red ; no  dark  line  of  separation 
between  these  colors.  (Notes  of  Mr.  Stimpson.) 

Gen.  remarks.  This  species  evidently  belongs  to  the  same  genus  as  Poly- 
pedates megacephalu  s,  found  at  Hong  Kong,  and  remarkable  for  the  two 
patches  of  rugosities  upon  the  vertex ; the  animal,  however,  is  quite  different 
from  the  Polypedates  rugosus  of  Ceylon  and  the  Phillipines. 

PoLYPEDATES  BURGERII  D.  & B. 

Erpet.  Generale,  tom.  viii.  p.  521. 

Syn.  Hyla  Burgerii  Schlegel,  Fauna  Japonica,  p.  113,  pi.  3,  fig.  728.  Ousima, 
Japan.  A small  specimen  from  the  Loo-Choo  islands. 

Ixalus  Tsch. 

Ixalus  Japonicus  nob. 

Char.  Head  of  moderate  size ; nostrils  small,  lateral,  \ line  apart ; body 
rather  slender,  much  more  so  than  in  Hyla  versicolor;  posterior  extremi- 
ties quite  long,  webs  reaching  to  the  antepenultimate  phalanx  ; color  ash  grey 
above,  in  some  specimens  very  pale  ; a transverse  blotch  upon  the  head,  with 
a posterior  triangular  prolongation ; several  other  blotches  upon  the  back,  one 
presenting  the  form  of  the  two  halves  of  the  letter  X,  separated  by  a hori- 
zontal line.  Jn  one  of  the  specimens  the  transverse  bar  is  wanting ; 
a brownish  spot  in  front  of  the  shoulder;  a narrow  oblique  band  behind 
the  tympanum;  lower  lip  spotted  with  black;  upper  lip  also,  but  the  spots 
are  broader  and  more  oblique ; an  oblique  fold  above  the  tympanum, 
commencing  behind  the  eye  ; tympanum  distinct,  of  a brownish  color  ; upper 
part  of  head  and  anterior  part  of  body  presenting  a number  of  tubercles  ; can- 
thus rostralis  concave;  ridge  between  the  eye  and  the  nostril  presenting  a 
convexity  inward ; snout  rounded,  and  somewhat  acute ; abdomen  and  under 
part  of  thighs  posteriorly  granulated. 

Habitat.  Japan. 

Gen.  remarks.  This  species  corresponds  very  nearly  with  the  description  of 
Ixalus  semifasciatus  D.  & B.,  in  tom.  viii.  p.  523  of  the  Erpetologie 
Generale.  It  is  there  mentioned,  however,  that  the  palmation  of  the  toes  does 
not  extend  beyond  one-half  of  their  length.  In  the  Japan  specimens  it  would 
appear  to  be  larger.  In  Schlegel’s  figure,  which  represents  a much  smaller 
animal,  there  are  no  webs  to  the  toes.  Ixalus  semifasciatus  is  an  inhabi- 
tant of  Java.  Future  observation  must  determine  whether  the  two  animals  be 
identical  or  not. 


China. 

There  are  in  the  collection  no  Chelonians  from  China,  and  but  three  Saurians, 

I860.] 


502 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


viz.,  a Geckotian,  an  Agamian,  and  a Scink.  Except  a few  serpents,  all  the 
other  specimens  are  Batrachians,  which  appear  to  abound  in  that  region  of  the 
globe. 

SA  TIRIA. 

Geckotid^e. 

Hemidactylus  Cuv. 

Sect.  Dactyloteles  D.  & B. 

Subdiv.  A. — Dactyloteles  fissipedes  D.  & B. 

Hemidactylus  pumilus  nob. 

Char.  Supraorbitar  regions  not  remarkably  prominent ; frontal  region 
covered  with  granulations,  larger  than  those  upon  the  vertex  and  occiput ; 
granulations  upon  body  uniform  or  nearly  so  ; ventral  plate  with  fine  facets,  a 
little  broader  than  long  ; in  contact  with  the  ventral  are  two  plates,  the  first 
in  contact  with  the  first  supralabial,  the  second  with  the  second,  the  anterior 
larger  than  the  posterior,  and  pentangular  in  shape ; eleven  supralabials  ; 
eight  inferior  labials ; no  pores  in  front  of  arms  or  along  the  thighs ; color 
greyish  ; thighs  with  yellow  above,  the  latter  color  predominating  upon  the 
head,  with  numerous  dark  colored  transverse  marmorations  upon  the  back  ; 
under  parts  white. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  6 lines  ; breadth  3£  lines  ; length  of  neck  and 
body  inches;  of  tail  1 inch  4\  lines. 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong.  One  specimen, 

Lezards  Iguaniens  ou  Sauriens  Eunotes  D.  & B. 

Gen.  Calotes  Kaup. 

Calotes  versicolor  D.  & B.  Two  specimens.  Cum-Sing-Moon,  China.  Dr. 
Morrow. 

Lezards  Scincoidiens  ou  Sauriens  Lepidosaures. 

Saurophthalmes  D.  & B. 

Eumeces  quadrivirgatus  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Supra  - nasals  but  little  extended  at  their  external  margin ; 
neither  slender  nor  much  developed ; internasal  remarkable  for  its  great 
breadth  compared  with  its  length,  measuring  lines  transversely,  and  about 
^ a line  longitudinally ; fronto-nasals  in  contact,  their  internal  margins  trun- 
cate ; frontal  hexagonal ; the  anterior  and  posterior  angles  obtuse,  somewhat 
broader  in  front  than  behind  ; two  fronto-parietals  in  contact,  each  with  five 
distinct  facets ; interparietal  short  and  broad;  seven  superior  labials  ; a freno- 
nasal,  a first  and  second  frenal,  the  second  much  larger  than  the  first ; two 
freno-orbitar  plates,  each  of  moderate  size  ; twenty  rows  of  small,  hexagonal 
scales ; body  slender  ; tail  cyclo-tetragonal  at  base,  compressed  toward  the 
tip ; color  jet  black  above,  with  four  longitudinal,  narrow,  white  or  yellow 
colored  vittae,  broader  and  bluish  upon  the  tail;  the  two  middle  ones  com- 
mence each  at  the  snout,  pass  over  the  eye,  and  extend  on  each  side  of  the  neck 
and  back,  and  are  lost  upon  the  middle  third  of  the  tail,  at  its  extremity;  the 
inferior  one  commences  at  the  armpit  and  terminates  at  the  groin  ; under  parts 
white,  with  a tinge  of  blue  upon  the  abdomen. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  6 lines  ; greatest  breadth  4 lines  ; length  of 
neck  and  body  1 inch  11  lines;  of  tail  3 inches  5^  lines ; of  anterior  extremi- 
ties 8J  lines  ; of  posterior  extremities  11  lines.  Total  length  5 inches,  10 
lines. 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong  Island,  China.  Near  the  summit  of  the  mountain. 
Caught  May  4th,  1854,  by  Mr.  Wright. 

[Oct, 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


503 


OP  BID  I A, 

Aglyphodontes. 

Herpetodryas  Boie. 

Herpetodryas  chloris  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Internasals  very  much  smaller  than  prefrontals,  rostral  plate 
pentagonal,  the  other  plates  upon  the  head  presenting  nothing  remarkable  ; 
eight  superior  labials,  the  eye  resting  on  the  fourth  and  fifth  ; anterior  geneials 
much  longer  and  broader  than  the  posterior ; fifteen  rows  of  smooth  scales 
upon  the  middle  of  the  body  ; tail  rather  long  ; a double  row  of  bifid  prseanal 
scutes  ; 161  ab.  scut,  86  subcaud.  Color  uniform  green  above,  white  below. 

Dimensions  Length  of  head  8 lines ; greatest  breadth  4 lines  ; length  of 
body  1 foot  1 inches ; of  tail  8 inches  5 lines. 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong  Island.  Caught  May,  1854,  by  Mr.  Brooke. 

Leptophis  Bell. 

Leptophis  trifrenatds  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Body  very  long  and  somewhat  slender;  seventeen  rows  near 
the  middle,  the  three  median  ones  carinated;  color  olive  above,  barred  with 
black  posteriorly  ; under  parts  yellow,  black  spotted  upon  throat ; posterior 
margin  of  scale  at  posterior  part  of  body  margined  with  black;  ab.  scut.  187, 
subcaud.  110.  Total  length  5 feet.  (Fr.) 

Description.  The  plates  upon  the  upper  part  of  the  head  present  nothing 
remarkable  ; the  nostril  is  deeply  excavated  between  the  plates  ; there  are’three 
frenals,  the  one  immediately  behind  the  post-nasal  five- sided,  nearly  quadran- 
gular in  shape,  the  two  behind  it  smaller  and  resembling  it ; there  are  two  post- 
oculars, and  eight  superior  labials,  the  eye  resting  on  the  fourth  and  fifth  ; the 
scales  upon  the  sides  of  the  body  are  smooth  and  quadrangular,  those  upon  the 
middle  of  the  back  carinated.  Coloration  : The  general  tinge  above  is  olive, 
the  posterior  part  of  the  body  being  barred  irregularly  with  black ; tail  olive 
colored  above,  barred  transversely  at  its  root  with  black,  and  maculated  with 
black  toward  its  posterior  extremities ; posterior  border  of  the  labial  plates 
margined  with  black  ; middle  portion  of  abdomen  maculated  with  black  ; pos- 
terior part  distinctly  margined  to  a greater  or  less  extent  with  black  posterior- 
ly ; under  part  of  tail  yellow ; the  posterior  margin  of  scutes  black. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  1§  inches;  greatest  breadth  11  lines;  length  of 
body  3 feet  7f  inches  ; of  tail  1 foot  2J  inches. 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong,  China.  Caught  on  the  island  of  that  name,  April, 
1854,  by  Lieut.  Brooke. 

Amphiesma  D.  & B. 

Amphiesma  stolatum.  One  specimen  caught  on  a hill  at  Whampoa,  China, 
July,  1851. 

Amphiesma  flavipunctatum  nob. 

Char.  Head  small,  eyes  somewhat  prominent,  internasals  small  and  trian- 
gular, prefrontals  of  moderate  size,  pentagonal;  three  or  four  post-oculars; 
eight  supralabials,  the  eye  resting  on  the  third  and  fourth  ; a small  plate 
intercalated  between  the  second  and  third  ; seventeen  rows  of  lanceolate  scales, 
near  the  middle  of  the  body,  the  two  inferior  rows  smooth.  Color  dusky  yellow, 
with  numerous  yellow  spots  along  the  margin  of  the  scales,  a black  undulating 
band  running  transversely  behind  the  occiput,  and  two  oblique  ones  upon  the 
side  of  the  head,  the  one  commencing  at  the  inferior  margin  of  the  eye,  passing 
over  the  inferior  post-ocular,  and  extending  between  the  fifth  and  sixth  supra 
labial  to  the  inferior  margin  of  the  jaw;  another  commencing  behind  the  post- 
orbitar,  and  extending  obliquely  across  the  temples,  and  terminating  at  the 

I860.] 


504 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


inferior  and  posterior  margin  of  the  seventh  supralabial  plate  ; under  parts 
yellow,  the  posterior  margin  of  each  scute  bordered  with  black — 128  ab.  scut. 

1 bifid  praenal ; 78  urostega. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  9 lines  ; greatest  breadth  5| ; length  of  body  1 
foot  2J  inches  ; of  tail  6 inches,  8 lines.  Total  length  1 foot,  9 inches,  8 lines. 

Habitat.  Island  of  Hoog  Kong,  May,  1854,  by  Mr.  Brooke.  The  specimen  of 
the  expedition  having  been  somewhat  injured,  the  above  description  was  taken 
from  a larger  specimen  in  the  collection  of  the  Academy,  which  is  stated  to  have 
been  captured  in  Canton  River. 

Opisthoglyphes  D.  & B. 

Platyrhiniens. 

Homalopsis  Kuhl. 

? Homalopsis  buccatus  Fitzinger.  D.  & B.,  tom.  vii.,  p.968.  One  specimen, 
caught  on  the  Island  of  Hong  Kong,  May,  1854,  by  Mr.  Brooke. 

Proteroglyphes. 

Naja  haji.  One  specimen,  caught  among  stones  on  the  shore  Of  Hong  Kong 
Harbor,  May,  1854. 

BATRACHIA. 

RANKLE. 

Rana  tigrina  Daud. 

Syn.  Rana  rugulosa  Weig.,  Nov.  Act.,  tom.  xvii.,  p.  258,  tab.  21,  fig.  2. 

Rana  tigrina  Daud.  Hist.  Nat.  des  Grenouilles  des  Rainettes  et  des  Cra- 
pauds,  p.  864,  pi.  xx. 

Rana  limnocharis  Boie.,  MS. 

Rana  Cancrivora  D. 

Rana  vittigera  Weig.,  Nov.  Act.,  vol.  xviii  , tab.  21,  fig,  1. 

Rana  mugiens  Daud.,  pi.  xvii. 

Rana  brama  Lesson,  Belanger,  Yoy.  aux  Indes  Orientales,  pi.  vi. 

Spec.  char.  General  appearance  very  much  like  that  of  Rana  r u g o s a,  Schlegel, 
but  it  wants  the  vocal  vesicles,  and  the  longitudinal  folds  on  either  side  of  the 
back ; head  large,  rather  narrow  in  front ; an  oblique  fold  extending  from  the 
eye  to  the  shoulder,  with  small  vomerine  teeth  in  two  large  patches  situated  very 
obliquely;  tongue  long,  bifid  posteriorly  ; tympanum  very  distinct ; extremities 
robust ; a longitudinal  glandular  band  running  across  the  frenal  region,  which 
is  excavated,  and  passing  under  the  eye ; an  oblique  fold  extending  from 
the  eye  to  near  the  shoulder ; color  dark  brown  above,  dark  spotted,  with 
numerous  elevated  longitudinal  ridges  upon  the  back,  placed  irregularly  ; upper 
jaw  spotted  with  black;  thighs  marbled  posteriorly  with  black,  upon  a yellow 
ground;  legs  tarsi,  and  under  part  of  feet  banded  with  black  ; skin  not  smooth 
but  warty;  the  trails  on  the  posterior  part  of  the  body  largely  developed; 
under  parts  yellow,  the  chin  slightly  marbled  with  black. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  1 inch  4 lines  ; breadth  1 inch  three  lines  ; 
length  of  head  and  body  3 inches  ; length  of  arm  6 lines  ; of  forearm  6 ; of  band 
to  extremity  of  longest  finger  7 lines  ; of  thigh  1 inch  4 lines ; of  leg  1 inch  4£ 
lines,  of  feet  to  extremity  of  longest  toe  1 inch  4£  lines, 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong  ; bought  in  the  market  of  that  place,  Sept.,  1854,  by 
Wm.  Stimpson. 

Rana  trivittata  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Head  triangular,  snout  rather  acute,  palatine  teeth  but  slightly 
developed,  in  two  converging  rows,  their  posterior  extremities  wide  apart ; 
tongue  pyriform,  deeply  notched  behind  ; body  and  extremities  slender;  color 
brownish,  dark  spotted,  with  three  longitudinal  white  lines  extending  the  whole 
length  of  the  head  and  body  commencing  at  the  snout,  the  two  exterior  passing 

[Oct.. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


505 


over  the  eye ; a truncate  baud  reaching  from  the  snout  to  the  eye  ; extremities 
banded  and  brown  spotted  ; two  brownish  bars  on  each  side  of  the  thighs  poste- 
riorly ; under  parts  white. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  5 lines  ; greatest  breadth  4 ; length  of  head  and 
body  11  lines;  length  of  anterior  extremities  7 lines;  of  posterior  1 inch  10 
lines. 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong,  China. 

Rana  nebulosa  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Quite  small,  head  rather  broad  posteriorly,  extremities  slender, 
palatine  teeth  in  two  bunches  between  the  internal  nares  ; tongue  pyriform 
free  at  the  sides,  and  very  much  so  posteriorly,  notched  behind  ; tympanum 
distinct ; color  brown  above,  skin  smooth  ; chin,  throat  and  abdomen  white  or 
grayish;  under  part  of  extremities  flesh  colored. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  4 lines  ; greatest  breadth  4 ; length  of  head  and 
body  10  lines  ; of  anterior  extremities  6 lines;  of  posterior  1 inch  1 line. 

Habitat.  Hong  Kong,  China. 

Gen.  remarks.  The  young  no  doubt  of  a larger  animal. 

Rana  gracilis  Weig.,  Nova.  Acta,  vol.  xvii.,  p.  257. 

Spec.  char.  Snout  somewhat  acute,  supraciliary  regions  prominent ; nostrils 
wide  apart ; skin  of  the  back  thrown  into  longitudinal  rugose  folds ; body 
slender ; head  long  and  rather  broad  posteriorly,  posterior  extremities  stout ; 
color  above  brownish,  dark  spotted  ; with  transverse  dark  colored  blotches  upon 
the  back;  a narrow  longitudinal  white  line  extending  from  the  snout  to  the 
posterior  extremity  of  the  body,  absent  in  some  specimens ; webs  of  the  hinder 
extremities  reaching  to  the  base  of  the  penultimate  phalanx,  except  of  the  4th, 
where  it  reaches  the  base  of  the  antepenultimate  ; thighs  and  legs  spotted  and 
banded  with  brown ; a series  of  longitudinal  dark  colored  bars,  broader  below 
the  hips  ; under  parts  white. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  7 lines;  greatest  breadth  5;  length  of  head  and 
body  1 inch  2 lines  ; length  of  anterior  extremities  8 lines : of  posterior  I inch 
11  lines. 

Habitat.  China,  caught  at  Whampoa,  June  1854,  by  Mr.  Stimpson. 

Gen.  remarks.  According  to  Weigmann,  this  small  species  is  found  on  the 
island  of  Lucon  as  well  as  in  China.  They  are  used  abundantly  as  an  article  of 
food  in  both  places,  and  captured  by  thousands,  especially  for  the  market  of 

Macao. 

Rana  multistriata  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Color  greyish  above,  with  transverse  angular  bars  of  a darker 
color ; upper  and  lower  jaw  dark-spotted ; abdomen  white ; length  1 inch  3 lines. 

Description.  Head  long,  eyes  not  prominent,  tympanum  of  moderate  size, 
tongue  obcordate,  hollowed  posteriorly;  palatine  teeth  en  chevron , between  the 
interior  nares ; anterior  extremities  slender,  posterior  rather  stout ; color 
greyish  above,  with  transverse  angular  bars  of  a darker  color  upon  the  head 
and  body,  one  passing  between  the  eyes,  posteriorly  prolonged  en  triangle; 
thighs  round  and  mottled  with  grey  and  white  ; legs  barred  posteriorly  with 
black ; arms  and  forearms  barred  with  black ; upper  lip  barred  with  dark 
brown  ; lower,  brown  spotted,  the  interior  margin  rounded ; chin  mottled  with 
brown  ; abdomen  white,  under  parts  of  extremities  plush  color. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  6 lines ; greatest  breadth  5 ; length  of  head 
and  body  1 inch,  2^  lines  ; of  anterior  extremities  8 lines  ; of  posterior,  1 inch, 
9 lines ; of  thigh  6 lines  ; of  leg  6 ; of  tarsus  3. 

Habitat.  Hong-Kong,  China.  Two  specimens. 

Oxyglossus  Tschudi. 

Oxydozyga  Kuhl,  MS.  Rhomboglossus  D.  & B.,  MS. 

I860.] 


506 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


Char.  Head  triangular,  tongue  oval,  attached  in  front,  free  on  the  greater 
part  of  its  extent  posteriorly ; body  short  and  thick,  rugose  above ; eyelids 
warty,  anterior  extremities  of  moderate  thickness,  posterior  rather  stout, 
fingers  slightly  webbed  at  their  base,  four  fingers,  five  toes,  the  second  finger 
much  the  longer,  the  two  outer  ones  of  nearly  equal  length ; the  web  of  the  toes 
extending  to  the  base  of  the  terminal  phalanx. 

Oxyglossus  lima  Tschudi. 

Syn.  Oxydozyga  braccata  Kuhl,  MS. 

Bombinator  lima  Mus.  Lugd.  et  Francf. 

Oxygossus  lima  Tschudi.  Classif.  der  Batrachier.  (Mem.  Acad.  Neuch. 
tom.  i.  p.  85.) 

Spec.  char.  Brownish  above,  with  a tinge  of  yellow  below  ; a brown  band 
bordered  with  white  upon  the  posterior  of  the  thighs. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  7 lines ; greatest  breadth  6 ; length  of  head 
and  body  1 inch  2 lines ; length  of  anterior  exterior  toes  6 lines  ; of  posterior, 
1 inch  7 lines ; of  thigh  6 lines  ; of  leg  6 ; of  tarsus  3 ; of  foot  to  extremity  of 
longest  toe  7 lines. 

Habitat.  Hong-Kong. 

Gen.  remarks.  In  the  webbing  of  the  feet  this  animal  resembles  Dactylethra  ; 
but  in  the  form  and  arrangement  of  the  tongue,  and  in  other  respects,  it  is  quite 
different.  Dumeril  & Bibron  have  given  Bengal  and  Java  as  the  habitat. 

Bufonid^e. 

Bufo  Laur. 

Bufo  griseus  nob. 

Char.  Head  short  and  broad,  snout  slightly  truncate  ; two  rather  long 
elliptical  paratoids,  toes  semipalmate,  numerous  subround  tubercles,  above  upon 
the  back,  color  greyish  above,  white  or  light  yellow  beneath,  with  dark-colored 
markings  upon  the  abdomen. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  4 lines  ; greatest  breadth  4 ; length  of  body  9 
lines  ; of  arm  3 lines  ; of  forearm  3 lines  ; of  hand  and  fingers  3 lines  ; of  thigh 
4 lines  ; of  leg  4 ; of  tarsus  3 lines  ; of  foot  to  extremity  of  longest  toe  4 lines. 

Habitat.  Hong-Kong,  China,  July,  1854.  Caught  by  Mr.  Stimpson  in  the 
marshes  of  Whampoa. 


Engystoma  Wagl. 

Engystoma  pulchrum  nob. 

Char.  Head  small,  triangular,  snout  acute  ; two  tubercles  upon  the  heel ; 
toes  semipalmated ; ground  color  of  head  and  body  above  yellowish,  presenting 
several  series  of  undulating  bands,  on  the  side  of  the  latter  resembling  the 
contortions  of  certain  geological  formations ; a black  band  across  the  head 
between  the  eyes  posteriorly ; a series  of  undulating  bars  in  front  of  this ; 
snout  dark-colored,  two  dark-colored  bands  meeting  near  the  middle  of  the 
body,  and  diverging ; within  them  numerous  dark-colored  lines  and  oval  spot§ 
bordered  with  white;  similar  oval  spots  between  the  thighs;  arms  partly 
yellowish  ; chin  and  throat  mottled  with  black. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  3 lines ; greatest  breadth  3 ; length  of  head  and 
body  10  lines;  length  of  anterior  extremities  6 lines;  of  posterior  1 inch,  7 
lines. 

Habitat.  Hong-Kong,  China.  Common  in  the  brackish  water  marshes 
between  Hong-Kong  and  Whampoa,  China.  June,  1854.  It  is  colored  on  the 
back  with  bluish,  brown,  white,  yellowish,  etc,  concentrically  arranged  as  in 
Agate. 


[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


507 


HYLIDA2. 

POLYPEDATES  Wagl. 

POLYPEDATES  MEGACEPHALUS  nob. 

Spec.  char.  Head  large,  two  oblong  patches  of  rugosities,  upon  the  vertex ; 
snout  truncate,  nostrils  lateral,  quite  near  the  extremity  of  the  snout ; skin 
smooth,  tongue  cordiform,  notched  posteriorly,  from  behind  and  at  the  sides ; 
palatine  teeth  on  a level  with  the  anterior  border  of  the  posterior  nares, 
converging  toward  each  other,  separated  from  each  other  by  an  interval  of  half 
a line  ; body  and  extremities  slender ; fingers  very  slightly  webbed  at  base, 
posterior  webs  extending  to  the  base  of  the  penultimate  phalanx,  except 
on  the  fourth  where  it  extends  to  the  base  of  the  antepenultimate  ; color  brown 
with  dark-colored  blotches  upon  the  back  bordered  with  white  ; sides  marbled 
with  dark-brown  ; lower  parts  light  yellow. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  8 lines ; greatest  breadth  7 ; length  of  head  and 
body  1^-  inches;  length  of  anterior  extremities  I inch;  of  thigh  10  lines;  of 
leg  9 lines  ; of  tarsus  6 lines  ; of  foot  to  extremity  of  longest  toe  7 lines. 

Habitat.  Hong-Kong,  China.  Caught  May,  1854. 

Java. 

OPHIDIA. 

Pythonid^ — Pythoniens  holodontes  D.  B. 

Div.  B. — Nostrils  vertical. 

Python  molurus  Gray.  One  specimen. 

Habitat.  Java.  Taken  on  the  Island  of  Java,  purchased  and  presented  to 
the  expedition  by  Dr.  Hamilton.  Killed  and  skinned  at  Hong-Kong,  (not  in  good 
preservation).  This  specimen  measured  16  feet  in  length. 

Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

TESTUDINATA. 

Chersites  D.  § B.  Testudines  terrestres. 

Gen.  Homopus  D.  & B. 

In  the  collection  of  the  expedition  are  eight  specimens  belonging  to  this 
genus,  characterized  by  the  presence  of  four  toes  only  to  each  extremity. 

Homopus  areolatus  D.  & B. 

Erpet.  Gen.  tom,  ii.  p.  146,  pi.  13,  fig.  2 and  3. 

Testudo  areolatus , Rell.  Monog.  Test.  The  central  portion  of  the  disk  in  these 
specimens  is  from  light  chocolate  brown  to  darker,  in  some  almost  black.  The 
sternum  in  some  specimens  is  much  darker  than  in  others. 

SA  URIA. 

GECl£0TIDA2. 

Sauriens  ascalabotes  D.  § B. 

Phyllodactylus. 

Phyllodactylus  porphryreus  D.  & B. 

Spec.  char.  Head  of  moderate  size,  triangular,  mental  plate  of  moderate 
size,  pentangular,  eight  inferior  labials,  nine  superior,  ground  color  above 
yellow,  marbled  all  over  with  brown  ; under  parts  yellow. 

Dimensions.  Length  of  head  5 lines  ; greatest  breadth  3£ ; length  of  body 

I860.] 


508 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


13  lines ; of  tail  1 inch,  6 lines  ; of  anterior  extremities  6 lines  ; of  posterior, 
8 lines. 

Habitat.  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  Found  in  the  moist  crevices  of  rocks  ; com- 
mon near  Simon’s  Town,  Oct.  1853., 

Agamid^. 

Agama  Daud. 

Agama  atra  Daud. 

Agama  atra  D.  & B.,  tom.  iv.  p.  493. 

Agama  atra  Smith,  Zoology  of  S.  Africa,  Appendix,  p.  14.  Four  specimens. 
Very  common  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  Found  sunning  themselves  on 
rocks  ; motions  slow.  Collected  Oct.  1855,  by  Lieut.  Van  Wyck. 

Agama  aculeata  ? One  specimen.  D.  & B.  tom.  iv.  p.  499.  Very  common 
at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  Found  sunning  themselves  on  rocks ; motions 
slow.  Collected  by  Lieut.  Van  Wyck. 

ZONIJRID.®. 

Zonurus  griseus  D.  & B,,  tom.  v.  p.  350.  Seven  specimens.  Taken  under 
stones  in  high  ground.  Very  common  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  Oct. 
1853.  W.  S. 

Autosauriens. 


Eremias  knoxii  D.  & B.  tom.  v.  299.  Smith,  Zoology  S.  Africa,  pi.  43.  One 
specimen.  Taken  in  arid  places,  near  Cape  Horn.  Its  motions  are  exceedingly 
quick.  Oct.  1853.  W.  S. 

SciNCim®. 

Gerrhosaurus. 


Gerrhosaurus  sepiformis  D.  B.  Smith,  Zoology  of  S.  Africa,  pi.  41.  D.  & 
B.,  tom.  v.  p.  384. 

Scincus  sepiformis  Schneider.  Hist.  Amphib.  fascic,  ii.  p.  191. 

Scincus  sepiformis  Merrem,  Tent.  Syst.  Amphib.  p.  70.  One  specimen,  found 
under  a stone  on  a grassy  plat  near  Simons  Town,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  Oct. 
1853.  W.  S. 

Gen.  Acontias  Cuvier. 

Acontias  meleagri3  D.  & B.  tom.  v.  p.  802,  pi.  58.  One  specimen,  found 
under  a stone,  in  a moist  situation,  near  Simon’s  Town,  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
Oct.  1853.  W.  S.  According  to  Dumeril  & Bibron,  this  species  is  very 
common  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

OPHIDIANS. 


Proteroglyphes  . 


Serpens  proteroglyphes  ou  Apistophides  D.  & B. 
teroglyphes. 


Gen.  Naja. 


1st  Sect.  Conocercal  pro- 


Naja  haji.  Aspis  of  the  old  authors.  Urceus  Wagler. 

Var.  intermixta  D.  & B.  One  specimen.  Smith,  Zoology  of  Southern 
Africa,  Var.  B.  pi.  xix.  This  specimen  was  captured  at  Constantia,  Cape  of 
of  Good  Hope,  Oct.  1853,  by  Capt.  Ringgold.  Another  specimen,  brown  above, 
with  yellow  spots  upon  the  neck.  The  latter  specimen  measures  4 feet  5 
nches  in  length. ; tail  8£  inches. 

Solenoglyphes. 


Serpens  solenoglyphes  ou  Thanatophides  D.  & B. 


[Oct. 


NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


509 


Gen.  Echidna  Merrem, 


Echidna  arietans  Merrem,  Puffadder,  D.  & B.  tom.  v.  p.  1425.  One  very 
fine  specimen.  Taken  near  Cape  Town,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  Oct.  1853. 
Purchased. 


Aglyphodontes. 


Coronella  cana  D.  & B.  One]  specimen.  Taken  near  Simon’s  Town,  Oct. 
1858.  Lieut.  Van  Wyck. 

Homalosoma  lutrix  D.  & B.,  tom.  vii.  p.  110.  One  specimen.  Found 
under  stones  on  the  hilPs  head,  Simon’s  town,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  Oct. 
1853.  U.  S. 


Epanodontiens. 

Onychocephalus. 


Onychocephalds  delalandii  D.  & B.,  tom.  vi.  p.  573.  One  specimen. 
BATRACHIA. 

RANIDJE. 

Ran  a Grayii  Smith,  Zoblogy  of  South  Africa.  PI.  78,  fig.  2.  Common  in 
moist  grounds.  Five  specimens. 


Madeira. 

SAURIA. 


Lezards  Lacertiens  ou  Autosaures  D.  & B. 
Ccelodontes  Leiodactyles. 


Gen.  Lacerta. 


Lacerta  dugesii  Milne- Edwards,  Am.  Sc.  Nat.,  tom.  xvi.  p.  84,  tab.  6,  fig.  2. 
Lacerta  maderensis  Fitz.,  Neu.  Class,  der  Rept.  p.  51. 

Lacerta  dugesi  D.  & B.,  tom.  v.  p.  236. 

Habitat.  Madeira.  Seven  specimens.  Five  adult,  two  young.  In  one  of 
the  young  specimens  the  black  lateral  bands  are  destitute  of  yellow  spots. 
Taken  at  the  Island  of  Madeira,  July,  1853.  (C.  Ames.) 


BA  TRA  CHIANS. 
Ranid^e. 


Rana  viridis  Roesel.  Rana  maratima  Risso.  Two  specimens. 

Habitat.  Madeira.  The  spots  upon  the  back  do  not  appear  to  be  so 
numerous  as  in  the  European  specimens  of  R.  viridis. 


OF  THE 

35APR  1 6 1928 

UNIVERSITY  Of  ILLINOIS 


I860.] 


510 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF 


INDEX. 


Page. 


Ablepliarus  Peronii 487 

nigropunctatus 487 

Acontias  meleagris 508 

Aepidea  robusta 488 

Agama  atra 508 

aculeata 508 

Ameiva  pulchra 483 

Amphiesma  stolatum 503 

tigrinum 503 

flavipunctatum 503 

Anaides  lugubris 486 

Anolis  cupreus 481 

longicauda 481 

refulgens 480 

Batrachoseps  attenuatus 486 

Blepharactisis  speciosa 484 

Bothrops  flavoviridis 492 

Bufo  griseus 506 

melanogaster 486 

Calotes  versicolor 502 

Chelonia  mydas 486 

Cnemidophorus  quadrilineatus 483 

decemlineatus 482 

Coniophanes  Jissidens 485 

Coronella  cana 509 

Cy nops  subcristatus 494 

Cystignathus  melanonotus 485 

Diploderma  polygonatum 490 

Draconura  bivittata 482 

Dryophis  seneus 485 

Echidna  arietans 509 

Elaphis  bilineatus 497 

Elaps  melanocephalus 485 

Engystoma  pulchrum 506 

Eremias  Knoxii 508 

Eumeces  quadrivirgatus 502 

Euprepis  concolor 486 

Eurypholis  semicarinatus 493 

Gerrhosaurus  sepiformis 508 

Hemidactylus  prsesignis 480 

pumilus 502 

marmoratus 491 

inornatus 492 

Herpetodryas  chloris 503 

Homalopsis  buccatus 504 

Homalosoma  lutrix 509 

Homopus  areolatus 507 

Hyla  cyanea 490,  494 

grisea 485 

arborea 500 

Ixalus  Japonicus 501 


•Page. 


Lacerta  Dugesii 509 

Lepidocephalus fasciatus...- 498 

Leptophidium  dorsale 498 

Leptophis  margaretiferus 484 

trifrenatus 503 

Lioninia  vermiformis 484 

Lygosaurus  pellopleura - 496 

Lygosoma  vertebralle 487 

Guichenoti 489 

taeniolatum 490 

Megalops  maculatus 488 

Naja  haji 504 

var.  intermixta 508 

Onychocephalus  De  Lalandii 509 

Ophthalmidium  tenue 497 

Otocryptis 491 

Oxyglossus  lima 506 

Pelamis  bicolor 489 

Phyllodactylus  porphyreus 507 

Platurus  fasciatus 489,  493 

var 489 

Plestiodon  marginatus 492 

latiscutatus 496 

Polypedates  viridis 500 

Burgeri 500 

megacephalus 507 

Proterodon  tessellatus 499 

Python  molurus 507 

Rana  viridis 509 

rugosa 494,  499 

marmorata 500 

multistriata 505 

nigromaculata 500 

sylvatica 500 

tigrina 504 

trivittata 504 

nebulosa 505 

Grayi 509 

gracilis 505 

Sceloporus  scalaris 482 

biseriatus 486 

Sphseriodactylus  millepunctatus...  480 

Tachydromus  Japonicus 495 

sexlineatus 495 

Taricha  torosus 486 

Yaranus  bivittatus 486 

Zonurus  griseus 508 

Genera 64 

Species 94 


[Oct. 


